STATUS EMAS SEBAGAI BARANG RIBAWI ATAU KOMODITAS: ANALISIS KRITIS TERHADAP FATWA DSN-MUI NOMOR 77 TAHUN 2010

M Haidar Said Almunawwar, Shofiatul Jannah, Syamsu Madyan

Abstract


The transformation of gold from a medium of exchange (thaman) into an investment asset and tradable commodity has generated debate in Islamic law regarding whether gold should continue to be classified as a ribawi item. This debate became more significant following the issuance of DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 77/DSN-MUI/V/2010, which permits non-cash gold transactions based on the argument that gold no longer functions as legal tender. This study aims to critically examine the legal reasoning of the fatwa in determining the legal status of gold as either a ribawi item or a commodity. Using normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, this study analyzes the Qur'an, hadith, the DSN-MUI fatwa, classical juristic opinions, and contemporary scholarship. The findings indicate that the fatwa does not remove gold from the category of ribawi items but reinterprets the application of its legal 'illah in response to changes in gold's economic function. However, this study argues that the transformation of gold's economic role does not automatically eliminate its characteristic of thamaniyyah, as gold continues to serve as a store of value and a reserve asset. Therefore, the legal argument supporting the reclassification of gold requires further justification from the perspective of uṣūl al-fiqh. This study contributes to the discourse on Islamic commercial jurisprudence by offering a critical evaluation of the legal reasoning underlying DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 77 of 2010.

 

Keywords: Gold; ribawi item; commodity; DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 77 of 2010; Islamic commercial jurisprudence.


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