REFORMULASI HUKUM KELAYAKAN MENIKAH PENDERITA PENYAKIT MENULAR DAN GENETIK DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASID AL-SYARIAH

Muhammad Zanzabila Asro, Khoirul Asfiyak, Humaidi Humaidi

Abstract


Marriage in Islam is not only regarded as a sacred bond with a dimension of worship but also as a social institution aimed at preserving dignity, lineage, and the health of future generations. Modern challenges in the form of infectious and genetic diseases have created new problems in determining marital eligibility. This study aims to analyze the perspective of Islamic law on marital eligibility for individuals with infectious and genetic diseases, to explain the urgency of reformulating marital eligibility laws within the framework of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, and to identify normative and practical challenges in the integration of medical science and Islamic law. The research method employed is normative legal research with an interdisciplinary approach, examining fiqh literature, positive law, and medical data. The findings reveal that in Islamic law, the prevention of harm (dar’u al-mafāsid) and the protection of life and lineage (ḥifẓ al-nafs, ḥifẓ al-nasl) serve as shar‘ī grounds for postponing or restricting marriages that carry medical risks. However, weak regulations, social stigma, and limited institutional collaboration remain significant challenges. Therefore, the reformulation of marital eligibility law based on maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah and integrated with medical considerations is an essential solution to ensure healthy and beneficial marriages.

 

Keywords: marital eligibility, infectious diseases, genetic, maqasid al-shari‘ah, medical integration.


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