HAK ISTRI KEDUA DALAM PERNIKAHAN POLIGAMI ATAS HARTA WARIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF

Mohamad Auliya Ananda Ma’ruf, Syamsu Madyan, Moh Muslim

Abstract


This study examines the legal status and inheritance rights of a lawful second wife in polygamous marriages from the perspectives of Islamic law and Indonesian positive law. The primary issue addressed is the frequent neglect of the second wife’s inheritance rights, particularly when the marriage is conducted informally (sirri) and not registered in official civil registries. In Islamic law, as stipulated in the Qur’an Surah An-Nisa verse 12, a lawful wife, regardless of marital order, has an equal right to inheritance: one-fourth of the estate if the deceased husband has no children and one-eighth if he does. However, in Indonesian positive law, the recognition of such rights depends on the official registration of marriage or through an itsbat nikah (marriage validation) process at the Religious Court. This research employs normative legal analysis, utilizing statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, with data collected through a literature review and analyzed both descriptively and qualitatively. The findings reveal a significant gap between Islamic law, which provides equal rights for all lawful wives, and positive law, which imposes administrative requirements that often hinder the second wife’s legal protection. The study recommends harmonizing Islamic and positive law through legal education and procedural reforms in itsbat nikah to ensure fair and effective enforcement of the second wife’s inheritance rights.

 

Keywords: Inheritance Rights, Second Wife, Islamic Law, Positive Law, Marriage Validation.

 


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