EFFICACY TEST OF VARIOUS TYPES AND CONCENTRATIONS OF BOTANICAL PESTICIDES ON THE INTENSITY ATTACKS OF ARMYWORM (Spodoptera litura) ON BROCCOLI (Brassica oleracea L)

Abstract

Efforts to increase broccoli production are still hampered by several challenges, including the S. litura caterpillar pest. The intensity of S. litura attacks on broccoli plants can reach 45%, characterized by symptoms such as holes in the leaves and damage due to the larvae's feeding activity. Pest control (S. litura) has generally been carried out using chemical pesticides that cause pest resistance. One solution that is starting to be implemented is the use of botanical pesticides. Types of plants that have been known to have potential as botanical pesticides are neem leaves (Azadirachta indica), soursop leaves (Annona muricata), and papaya leaves (Carica papaya). This study aims to determine the effect of administering various types of botanical pesticides and their combinations on the population and intensity of caterpillar pest attacks (S. litura) on broccoli plants (Brassica oleracea L.). This study was conducted from October–December 2025 in the Greenhouse of the Islamic University of Malang. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 8 treatments, namely, Control (Without Botanical Pesticides) (P₀D₀), Papaya Leaves 40% (P₁D₁), Soursop Leaves 40% (P₂D₁), Neem Leaves 40% (P₃D₁), Papaya Leaves + Soursop Leaves 40% (P₄D₁), Papaya Leaves + Neem Leaves 40% (P₅D₁), Soursop Leaves + Neem Leaves 40% (P₆D₁), Papaya Leaves + Soursop Leaves + Neem Leaves 40% (P₇D₁), Papaya Leaves 60% (P₁D₂), Soursop Leaves 60% (P₂D₂), Neem Leaves 60% (P₃D₂), Papaya Leaves + Soursop Leaves 60% (P₄D₂), Papaya Leaves + Neem Leaves 60% (P₅D₂), Soursop Leaves + Neem Leaves 60% (P₆D₂), Papaya leaves + Soursop leaves + Neem leaves 60% (P₇D₂), Papaya leaves 80% (P₁D₃), Soursop leaves 80% (P₂D₃), Neem leaves 80% (P₃D₃), Papaya leaves + Soursop leaves 80% (P₄D₃), Papaya leaves + Neem leaves 80% (P₅D₃), Soursop leaves + Neem leaves 80% (P₆D₃), Papaya leaves + Soursop leaves + Neem leaves 80% (P₇D₃), With each treatment repeated 3 times. The data obtained were tested for F (Anova) if there was a significant difference, a further BNJ test of 5% was carried out. The results of the study showed that the best treatment was a combination of Papaya + soursop + neem botanical pesticides with a dose of 80% (P₇D₃). The results of the lowest pest attack intensity were P₆ to P₇, then the insect intensity score was P₇ and the highest harvest results were at P₇.

Keywords: Broccoli Plants, Types of Botanical Pesticides, Concentration and Intensity of Caterpillar Pest Attacks (Spodoptera litura).