Pengaruh Pengungkapan Transformasi Digital, ESG Disclosure, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada Sektor Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2022-2025

Sandra Mardiana, Maslichah Maslichah, Umi Nandiroh

Abstract


This study aims to analyze the impact of digital transformation disclosure, ESG disclosure, and firm size on the financial performance of banking companies in Indonesia. The study employs a quantitative approach using secondary data including annual reports, sustainability reports, and financial statements from 47 banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2022 to 2025, resulting in 188 observations. Variables were measured using the Digital Transformation Disclosure Index, the ESG Disclosure Index based on the 2021 GRI Standards, the natural logarithm of total assets, and Return on Assets (ROA), while the analysis employed panel data regression with a Random Effects Model using EViews 12. The results indicate that digital transformation disclosure has a negative but insignificant effect on ROA. ESG disclosure also exhibits a negative direction but has no significant effect on ROA. Conversely, firm size has a positive and significant effect on ROA, indicating that a larger asset base is associated with a greater ability to generate profits. Collectively, all three variables have a significant effect on financial performance, although the model’s ability to explain variations in ROA is relatively limited. These findings confirm that firm size is more consistently associated with profitability than the extent of digital transformation and ESG disclosures.

Keywords: ESG disclosure; financial performance; banking; digital transformation; firm size

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References


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