Analisis Pertumbuhan Morfo-Anatomi Daun dan Akar Kangkung (Ipomoea reptans Poir) Hasil Perlakuan Pupuk Cair Pada Media Hidroponik

Abstract

Water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) is a vegetable with steadily increasing market demand. However, the productivity of water spinach in Indonesia remains low compared to other vegetables. Adequate nutritional support during the growth process of water spinach is essential for optimal plant growth. Therefore, this study investigated the combination of wastewater and turmeric peel to determine the potential of POC in optimizing the growth of water spinach. The objectives of this study were to compare the results of POC treatment combinations on the morpho-anatomy of leaves and roots during water spinach growth and to determine the correlation between abiotic factors and water spinach growth. This experimental study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 POC treatments and 3 replications. Data parameters included the number of leaves, leaf area, plant height, root length, number of xylem vessels, number of stomata, dry weight, and abiotic factors (pH, TDS, and salinity). The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Duncan’s test, and linear regression. The results showed that the turmeric peel-leachate POC treatment produced the highest average plant height and leaf area for water spinach; the AB Mix treatment produced the highest average number of leaves, plant height, and number of stomata; while the single leachate POC treatment produced the highest average xylem volume, and the turmeric peel POC treatment produced the highest average root length. The highest dry weight was recorded for water spinach grown under the turmeric peel-leachate POC treatment. pH and salinity only affected the number of water spinach leaves, while other parameters such as root length, leaf area, plant height, xylem count, stomatal count, and dry weight showed no significant effects.

Keywords: Leri water, Morpho-anatomy, POC, Turmeric, Water spinach

ABSTRAK

Kangkung (Ipomoea reptans Poir) merupakan sayuran yang memiliki permintaan pasar terus meningkat. Namun, produktivitas kangkung di Indonesia masih rendah dibandingkan dengan sayuran lain. Dukungan nutrisi yang cukup pada proses pertumbuhan kangkung penting agar tanaman tumbuh optimal. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian mengenai kombinasi air leri dengan kulit kunyit untuk mengetahui potensi POC dalam mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan kangkung. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membandingkan hasil uji kombinasi perlakuan POC terhadap morfo-anatomi daun dan akar pada pertumbuhan kangkung dan mengetahui korelasi faktor abiotik dengan pertumbuhan kangkung. Metode penelitian ini eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan POC dan 3 kali ulangan. Parameter data meliputi jumlah daun, luas daun, tinggi tanaman, panjang akar, jumlah xilem, jumlah stomata, berat kering, dan faktor abiotik (pH, TDS, dan salinitas). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji One Way ANOVA, uji Duncan, dan uji regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan POC kulit kunyit-air leri berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan morfo-anatomi kangkung dan menghasilkan rata-rata tinggi tanaman dan luas daun kangkung tertinggi, AB Mix menghasilkan rata-rata jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, dan jumlah stomata tertinggi, sedangkan perlakuan POC tunggal air leri menghasilkan rata-rata jumlah xilem tertinggi, dan POC kulit kunyit menghasilkan rata-rata panjang akar tertinggi. Hasil penimbangan berat kering terbesar dihasilkan oleh kangkung hasil perlakuan POC kulit kunyit-air leri. Faktor abiotik pH dan salinitas berpengaruh terhadap jumlah daun kangkung, sedangkan parameter lain seperti panjang akar, luas daun, tinggi tanaman, jumlah xilem, jumlah stomata, dan berat kering tidak menunjukkan pengaruh.