KEANEKARAGAMAN ATROPODA TANAH DI KAWASAN LAPANG TERPADU UNISMA KEBONAGUNG KABUPATEN MALANG

Abstract

Soil arthropods are an important component of ecosystems, playing a role in decomposition, nutrient cycling, and serving as bioindicators of environmental quality. Changes in environmental conditions resulting from activities at the UNISMA Integrated Field Laboratory in Kebonagung, Malang Regency, are suspected to affect the diversity of soil arthropods. This study aims to identify soil arthropod species. Soil arthropod samples were identified based on morphological characteristics and then analyzed using the Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H'). The relationship between abiotic parameters—including soil pH, soil temperature, and light intensity—and the diversity index was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test. The results showed that six species of soil arthropods belonging to two classes—Insecta and Arachnida—were identified, including Monomorium minimum, Camponotus sp., Solenopsis geminata, Acheta domesticus, Hypercompe scribonia, and Pardosa pseudoannulata. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H') value was 1.599, which falls into the moderate category.

Keywords: Soil arthropods, biodiversity, pitfall trap, Shannon–Wiener index

ABSTRAK

Arthropoda tanah merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam ekosistem yang berperan dalam proses dekomposisi, siklus hara, dan sebagai bioindikator kualitas lingkungan. Perubahan kondisi lingkungan akibat aktivitas di Wilayah Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu UNISMA Kebonagung Kabupaten Malang diduga dapat memengaruhi keanekaragaman Arthropoda tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis Arthropoda tanah. Sampel Arthropoda tanah diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon–Wiener (H'). Hubungan antara parameter abiotik yang meliputi pH tanah, suhu tanah, dan intensitas cahaya dengan indeks keanekaragaman dianalisis menggunakan uji Korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 6 spesies Arthropoda tanah yang termasuk dalam 2 kelas, yaitu Insecta dan Arachnida, meliputi Monomorium minimum, Camponotus sp., Solenopsis geminata, Acheta domesticus, Hypercompe scribonia, dan Pardosa pseudoannulata. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman Shannon–Wiener (H') sebesar 1,599, yang termasuk dalam kategori sedang.

Kata kunci: Artropoda Tanah, Keanekaragaman, pitfall trap, indeks Shannon-wiener