Hubungan Kualitas Air Dengan Keanekaragaman Ikan Di Waduk Selorejo, Kabupaten Malang

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Water quality is a key factor determining the survival of aquatic biota in aquatic ecosystems. The Water quality is a major factor determining the survival of aquatic biota in aquatic ecosystems. Decreased water quality due to anthropogenic activities can affect the distribution and diversity of fish. This study aims to examine water quality and its relationship to fish diversity in the Selorejo Reservoir. The study was conducted in February 2024 at four observation stations representing various activities around the reservoir, such as river inlets, tourism, and outlets. The method used was a survey with purposive determination of research stations. Measurements of water quality parameters (temperature, pH, transparency, and dissolved oxygen) were carried out in situ, while fish were caught using gillnets and their species were identified. The results showed that the water quality of the Selorejo Reservoir was still within the quality standards: temperature (26.3–29.2 °C), pH (6.96–7.85), transparency (37.88–47.86 cm), and dissolved oxygen (6.20–6.85 mg/L), with low fish community diversity values. Low transparency values indicate high turbidity. The results showed that temperature and pH were negatively correlated with fish diversity. These results indicate that declining water quality directly impacts the diversity of fish communities in the Selorejo Reservoir. Therefore, continued management is needed to maintain the reservoir's water quality and support the sustainability of its fish population.

Keywords: Fish, Diversity Index, Water Quality, Selorejo Reservoir

ABSTRAK

Kualitas air merupakan faktor utama yang menentukan kelangsungan hidup biota akuatik dalam ekosistem perairan. Penurunan kualitas air akibat aktivitas antropogenik dapat memengaruhi distribusi dan keanekaragaman ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kualitas air dan hubungannya dengan keanekaragaman ikan di Waduk Selorejo. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Februari 2024 di empat stasiun pengamatan yang merepresentasikan berbagai aktivitas di sekitar waduk, seperti inlet sungai, pariwisata, dan outlet. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei dengan penenutan stasiun penelitian secara purposive. Pengukuran parameter kualitas air (suhu, pH, kecerahan, dan oksigen terlarut) dilakukan secara in situ, sedangkan ikan ditangkap menggunakan jaring insang dan diidentifikasi spesiesnya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air Waduk Selorejo masih berada dalam batas baku mutu: suhu (26,3–29,2 °C), pH (6,96–7,85), kecerahan (37,88–47,86 cm), dan oksigen terlarut (6,20–6,85 mg/L), denga nilai keanekaragaman komunitas ikan yang rendah. Nilai kecerahan yang rendah mengindikasikan kekeruhan yang tinggi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa suhu dan pH berkorelasi negatif terhadap keanekaragaman ikan. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa penurunan kualitas air berdampak langsung terhadap kenakeragaman komunitas ikan di Waduk Selorejo. Dengan demikian perlu pengelolaan lanjutan untuk menjaga kualitas air perairan waduk agar dapat terus mendukung keberlanjutan populasi ikan yang hidup di waduk tersebut.

Kata Kunci: Ikan, Indeks Keanekaragaman, Kualitas Air, Waduk Selorejo