Pengaruh Jarak Pencemar Industri Gula Pada Vegetasi Riparian dan Kualitas Air Sungai Sukun Kabupaten Malang

Abstract

Water is a natural resource that is very important for the life of all living things on earth. The presence of industry often affects population density in an area. Areas with industry tend to be denser than areas without industry. Industrial activities also have the potential to cause environmental pollution, including river water pollution which can have a negative impact on riparian ecosystems. This study aims to analyze the effect of the distance of sugar industry pollutant sources on water quality and riparian vegetation diversity in Sukun River, Malang Regency. The research method used was descriptive research method and quantitative approach, sampling was carried out at three stations 2 km apart with station 1 20 meters from the outlet. Water quality parameters measured include pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and temperature. Vegetation analysis was conducted using the Index of Important Value (INP), Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index, and Index of Riparian Quality (QBR). The results showed that as the distance from the outlet increased, water quality and riparian vegetation improved. The highest DO was found at the farthest station (6.8 mg/L), while the lowest was at the nearest station (1.17 mg/L). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index and QBR also increased as distance from the outlet increased. Correlation analysis showed a negative relationship between pH and riparian vegetation quality. This research confirms that industrial pollution has a significant impact on river ecosystems. Therefore, effective environmental management strategies, such as riparian area rehabilitation, are needed to maintain the stability of the river ecosystem and support the preservation of biodiversity and ecological balance along the Sukun river

Keywords: Outlet distance, Correlation, River Water Quality, QBR, Riparian Vegetation.

ABSTRAK

Air merupakan sumber daya alam yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan seluruh makhluk hidup di bumi. Keberadaan industri sering kali mempengaruhi kepadatan penduduk di suatu daerah. Daerah dengan industri cenderung lebih padat dibandingkan daerah tanpa industri. Aktivitas industri juga berpotensi menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan, termasuk pencemaran air sungai yang dapat berdampak negatif pada ekosistem riparian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh jarak sumber pencemar industri gula terhadap kualitas air dan keanekaragaman vegetasi riparian di Sungai Sukun Kabupaten Malang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dan pendekatan kuantitatif, pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada tiga stasiun yang berjarak masing-masing 2 km dengan stasiun 1 berjarak 20 meter dari outlet. Parameter kualitas air yang diukur meliputi pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), dan suhu. Analisis vegetasi dilakukan menggunakan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP), Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, serta Index of Riparian Quality (QBR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin meningkat jarak dari outlet, kualitas air dan vegetasi riparian semakin baik. DO tertinggi ditemukan di stasiun terjauh (6,8 mg/L), sementara yang terendah di stasiun terdekat (1,17 mg/L). Indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener dan QBR juga meningkat seiring bertambahnya jarak dari outlet. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan hubungan negatif antara pH dan kualitas vegetasi riparian, serta hubungan positif antara DO dan TDS dengan keanekaragaman vegetasi. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pencemaran industri berdampak signifikan terhadap ekosistem sungai. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi pengelolaan lingkungan yang efektif, seperti rehabilitasi kawasan riparian, guna menjaga stabilitas ekosistem sungai serta mendukung kelestarian biodiversitas dan keseimbangan ekologis di sepanjang aliran sungai Suku

    Kata kunci: Jarak outlet, Korelasi, Kualitas Air Sungai, QBR, Vegetasi Riparian