PERANAN KEPALA DESA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN RUMPON (Studi di Pulau Gili Ketapang, Probolinggo)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The increasing incidence of fish aggregating device (rumpon) theft in Gili Ketapang Island, Probolinggo Regency has caused economic losses and social conflict among fishermen. Rumpon, as a fishing aid, has high economic value; however, its ownership is often not supported by formal proof, making it vulnerable to misuse. This situation is further exacerbated by unstable economic conditions among fishermen, limited maritime surveillance, and a strong culture of familial dispute resolution, all of which contribute to the occurrence of such crimes. Therefore, this study examines: (1) the role of the village head in resolving rumpon theft, and (2) the factors causing such criminal acts. This research employs an empirical legal method with a sociological approach. Data were collected through interviews with the village head, village officials, community leaders, and fishermen, and were supported by a literature review of relevant laws, books, and legal journals. The results indicate that the village head plays a strategic role in resolving rumpon theft through non-litigation mechanisms, such as mediation and village deliberation. This approach is considered effective in maintaining social harmony and preventing prolonged conflict, although it has not fully provided a deterrent effect. Furthermore, rumpon theft is influenced by fishermen’s economic factors, socio-cultural conditions of coastal communities, weak supervision and law enforcement, and low legal awareness among fishermen. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that legal protection for fishermen who own rumpon requires an active role from the village head, supported by stricter law enforcement. Therefore, efforts such as empowering fishermen economically, increasing legal awareness in coastal communities, and strengthening coordination between village authorities and law enforcement agencies are necessary to prevent rumpon theft sustainably.

Keywords: Village Head, Fishermen, Theft, Fish Aggregating Devices (Rumpon).

ABSTRAK

Maraknya tindak pidana pencurian rumpon ikan di Pulau Gili Ketapang, Kabupaten Probolinggo menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi serta konflik sosial di kalangan nelayan karena rumpon sebagai alat bantu penangkapan ikan memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi, namun kepemilikannya sering tidak didukung bukti formal sehingga rentan disalahgunakan, ditambah kondisi ekonomi nelayan yang tidak stabil, keterbatasan pengawasan wilayah laut, serta budaya penyelesaian masalah secara kekeluargaan yang menjadi faktor pendorong utama terjadinya tindak pidana tersebut; oleh karena itu peneliti mengkaji: 1. Peranan kepala desa dalam penyelesaian pencurian rumpon ikan. 2. Faktor penyebab terjadinya pencurian tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan sosiologis. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan kepala desa, perangkat desa, tokoh masyarakat, dan nelayan, serta didukung dengan studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, buku, dan jurnal hukum yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepala desa memiliki peranan strategis dalam menyelesaikan pencurian rumpon ikan melalui mekanisme non-litigasi, seperti mediasi dan musyawarah desa. Pendekatan ini dinilai efektif dalam menjaga keharmonisan sosial dan mencegah konflik berkelanjutan, meskipun belum sepenuhnya memberikan efek jera. Selain itu, pencurian rumpon ikan dipengaruhi oleh faktor ekonomi nelayan, faktor sosial dan budaya masyarakat pesisir, lemahnya pengawasan dan penegakan hukum, serta rendahnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat nelayan. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap nelayan pemilik rumpon ikan memerlukan peran aktif kepala desa yang didukung oleh penegakan hukum yang lebih tegas. Oleh karena itu, disarankan adanya pemberdayaan ekonomi nelayan, peningkatan kesadaran hukum masyarakat pesisir, serta penguatan koordinasi antara pemerintah desa dan aparat penegak hukum guna mencegah terjadinya tindak pidana pencurian rumpon ikan secara berkelanjutan.

Kata Kunci: Kepala Desa, Nelayan, Pencurian, Rumpon (rumah ikan).