KEABSAHAN PERNIKAHAN DINI MENURUT HUKUM PERDATA DAN HUKUM ADAT SUKU SASAK (Studi di Desa Mekarsari, Kecamatan Praya Barat, Kabupaten Lombok tengah)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This study aims to examine two main issues, namely (1) the factors causing child marriage in Mekarsari Village, Praya Barat Subdistrict, Central Lombok Regency, and (2) the validity of child marriage according to civil law and the customary law of the Sasak tribe. The research employs a legal-juridical research method and a sociological-juridical research approach. The results of the study indicate that child marriage in Mekarsari Village is caused by several factors, including: child marriage in Mekarsari Village is influenced by various factors. First, the factors of love and personal decision. Second, cultural influence (merariq tradition). Third, religious factors. Fourth, lack of knowledge and compliance with state law. Fifth, family involvement and traditional leaders. Sixth, social factors. Child marriages that occur in Mekarsari Village without a dispensation from the religious court are not valid under civil law. In the view of Sasak customary law, child marriage is still considered valid if it meets the customary requirements and procedures and is in accordance with the teachings of Islam. Age is not a primary requirement for the validity of marriage according to custom. As long as there is mutual agreement between both parties, and the marriage is conducted through customary stages such as sejati sila, selabar, and serum serah aji kerame, the marriage is recognized and respected socially. This study concludes that there is a gap between customary law and state law.

Keywords: Legality; Child Marriage; Civil Law; Customary Law; Sasak Tribe.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dua hal utama, yaitu (1) faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya pernikahan dini di Desa Mekarsari, Kecamatan Praya Barat, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, serta (2) keabsahan pernikahan dini tersebut menurut hukum perdata dan hukum adat Suku Sasak. Penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum yuridis dan pendekatan penelitian yuridis sosiologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pernikahan dini di Desa Mekarsari disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain: Pernikahan dini di Desa Mekarsari dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Pertama, faktor cinta dan keputusan pribasi. Kedua, pengaruh budaya (tradisi merariq). Ketiga, faktor agama. Keempat, kurangnya pengetahuan dan kepatuhan terhadap hukum negara. Kelima, keterlibatan keluarga dan tokoh adat. Keenam, faktor social. Pernikahan dini yang terjadi di Desa Mekarsari tanpa adanya dispensasi dari pengadilan agama tidak sah menurut hukum perdata. Dalam pandangan hukum adat Suku Sasak, pernikahan dini tetap dianggap sah apabila telah memenuhi syarat dan prosesi adat serta sesuai dengan ajaran agama Islam. Usia tidak menjadi syarat utama dalam keabsahan pernikahan menurut adat. Selama terdapat kesepakatan antara kedua belah pihak, serta pernikahan dilangsungkan melalui tahapan adat seperti sejati sila, selabar, dan serum serah aji kerame, maka pernikahan tersebut diakui dan dihormati secara sosial. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat kesenjangan antara hukum adat dan hukum negara.

Kata Kunci: Keabsahan; Pernikahan Dini; Hukum Perdata; Hukum Adat; Suku Sasak.