ANALISIS HUKUM TERHADAP INTERPRETASI UNDANG-UNDANG PATEN INDONESIA ATAS KEDUDUKAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SEBAGAI INVENTOR (Berdasarkan UU No. 13 Tahun 2016 Tentang Paten Sebagaimana Telah Diubah Dengan UU No. 65 Tahun 2024 Atas Perubahan Ketiga UU Paten No. 13 Tahun 2016 Tentang Paten Menegenai Perbandingan Hukum Tentang Inventorship, Ownership, dan Disclosure)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The increasing autonomy of Artificial Intelligence (AI) challenges traditional human-inventor-centric patent systems, including Indonesia’s legal framework as regulated under Law No. 13 of 2016 on Patents and Law No. 65 of 2024 on the Third Amendment to Law No. 13 of 2016. This normative legal research analyzes Indonesia’s interpretation of AI’s status as an inventor in terms of inventorship, Ownership, and disclosure, and compares it with Australia’s approach through the Thaler v Commissioner of Patents decision and the United States’ USPTO guidelines on AI-Assisted Inventions. The findings indicate that AI is not recognized as an inventor; its contribution is positioned as a mere tool, and the transfer of patent rights continues to be based on human legal entities. Limited disclosure focusing solely on the material aspects of the invention risks impeding technology transfer in the AI-driven Industry 5.0 era. Therefore, enhanced disclosure of AI’s operational role and human contributions in the inventive process is necessary to align patent systems with the realities of AI-generated inventions.
Key words: Artificial Intelligence, Patent Law, Inventorship, Ownership, Disclosure.
ABSTRAK
Perkembangan Artificial Intelligence (AI) yang semakin otonom menantang sistem paten tradisional berbasis inventor manusia, termasuk dalam kerangka hukum Indonesia sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2016 tentang Paten dan Undang-Undang Nomor 65 Tahun 2024 tentang Perubahan Ketiga atas Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2016. Penelitian hukum normatif ini menganalisis interpretasi hukum Indonesia terhadap status AI sebagai inventor dalam aspek inventorship, Ownership, dan disclosure, serta membandingkannya dengan pendekatan Australia melalui Putusan Thaler v Commissioner of Patents dan Amerika Serikat melalui pedoman USPTO tentang AI-Assisted Inventions. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kedudukan AI sebagai inventor tidak diakui; kontribusinya diposisikan sebagai alat, dan peralihan hak paten tetap berbasis pada subjek hukum manusia. Disclosure yang terbatas pada material invensi berisiko menghambat transfer teknologi di era AI pada industri 5.0, sehingga diperlukan pengungkapan tambahan atas peran AI dan kontribusi manusia dalam menghasilkan invensi.
Kata kunci : Kecerdasan Buatan, Hukum Paten, Inventorship, Ownership, Disclosure.
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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