EFEK ANTIBAKTERI KOMBINASI DAUN TEH HIJAU (Camellia sinensis L.) DAN KLORAMFENIKOL PADA BAKTERI Escherichia coli ATAU Staphylococcus aureus SECARA IN VITRO

Abstract

Background: The control of bacterial resistance toward an antibiotic uses herbal combinations with antibiotics. Green tea leaves have direct antibiotic effects by damaging bacterial cell membranes. This study aimed to find out the inhibitory strength of the combination of metanolic extract or decocta of green tea leaves (Camellia sinensis) with chloramphenicol against Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus.

Methods: Zone of Inhibition Test (ZOI) was carried out using the Ameri-Ziaei Double Antibiotic Synergism Test (AZDAST) method with modification of the well on a culture of Nutrient Agar (NA) of Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus. The ZOI combination uses high-dose chloramphenicol (KDT), low-dose chloramphenicol (KDR) with high-dose methanolic extract of Camellia sinensis (MDT) and low-dose methanolic extract of Camellia sinensis (MDR) or high-dose of decocta of Camellia sinensis (DDT) and low-dose of decocta of Camellia sinensis (DDR). ZOI data were tested statistically using the SPSS OneWay ANOVA test (p <0.05).

Results: Combination of KDT + MDT (20.7±7.37 mm), KDT + MDR (19.7±10.7 mm), and KDR + MDR (12.7±7 mm) is able to significantly inhibit the growth of S. aureus (p = 0,000). The combination of KDR + MDT (11±11.5 mm) cannot inhibit the growth of S. aureus. The combination of KDT/KDR + DDT/DDR cannot inhibit the growth of S. aureus. The combination of KDT and DDT/DDR is able to inhibit the growth of E. coli, while the combination of KDT + MDT on E. coli are not synergistic.

Conclusion: Green tea leaves (Camellia sinensis) show synergy with chloramphenicol on S. aureus, but not synergy on E. coli.

Keywords:Camellia sinensis, Chloramphenicol, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, antibiotics resistance