EFEK PENAMBAHAN FRAKSI POLAR (F24-F30) EKSTRAK METANOL ALANG-ALANG (Imperata cylindrica) TERHADAP DAYA HAMBAT AMOKSISILIN DAN KLORAMFENIKOL PADA BAKTERI S. Aureus DAN E. coli

Abstract

Introduction:The use of antibiotics that violate the prosedure and also excessive use is the main causeof resistance. One of the way to prevent antibiotic resistance is by making a combination between antibiotics and herbs that have antibacterial activity such as reeds. This study examined thefraction 24 to 30 Imperata cylindricacombinated with amoxicillin or chloramphenicol against S. aureus and E. coli.

Method: Methanol extract from reed was fractionated using silica gel stationary phase and mobile phase 25 ml of ethyl acetate: 25 ml of methanol for get fraction 24 to 30. Phytochemical tests for that fraction were carried out with dragendorff spray, FeCL3, and formaldehyde on Thin Layer Chromatography. The interaction between herbs and antibiotics was assessed based on the Ameri-Ziaei Double Antibiotic Synergism Test (AZDAST) method and the inhibitory assessment using the Kirby-Bauer method.

Results: The fraction with methanol eluent: ethyl acetate (1: 1) obtained 7 fractions, F24-F30. Fractions 24, 25 and 27 contain alkaloids and fractions 26 to 30 contain phenols. On a single test, fractions 24 and 25 had clear zones against S. aureuswith a value 9 ± 2 and 8 ± 1, but all fractions did not have clear zones against E. coli. In the combination test, fraction 27 decreased the amoxicillin activity againstS. aureus (9 ± 1 singly and 2 ± 4 in combination), but increased the amoxicillin activity againstE. coli (4 ± 3 singly and 8 ± 1 in combination).

Conclusion: The fraction 24-30 reeds contain active compounds of alkaloids and phenols. Fractions 24 and 25 contain alkaloids which have antibacterial activityagainst S. aureus. Fraction 27 was antagonistic with amoxicillin against S. aureus but potentiation against E. coli.

Keywords: Amoxicillin, Chloramphenicol,Combination of Herbs and Antibiotics,Imperata cylindrica,