Efek Dekokta Daun Pulutan (Urena lobata) Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin dan Persentase Sel Darah Merah Abnormal Ikan Zebra (Danio rerio) Dewasa yang Dipapar Malathion Secara Kronik

Abstract

Introduction: Malathion is a type of organofostat pesticide that go through biotransformation in the body into malaoxon and free radical compounds. Malaoxon works as an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase and free radicals so it can cause cholinergic crisis and affect the structure and function of red blood cells. Decoction of pulutan leaf has potential as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and prevent bleeding. This study aims to prove the effect of pulutan decoction leaves on hemoglobin levels and the percentage of zebrafish red blood cells exposed to malathion chronically.

Method: Experimental laboratory in vivo with the control group post test design only. Fish are divided into 2 control groups and 3 treatment groups with 5 ppm malathion dosage and 125 mg/L, 250 mg/L and 500 mg/L of pulutan decoction leaves. Hb levels are seen with comersial Hb meters. The description of red blood cells observed by making blood smear with giemsa staining and then examined in a binocular microscope with 400X magnification and percentage. Data analysis using one-way ANOVA and LSD with a significance level of p <0,05.

Findings: Decocated pulutan leaves at a dose of 125 mg / L, 250 mg / L and 500 mg / L inhibited a decrease in hemoglobin levels of approximately 10%, 30% and 20% compared to the positive control group, whereas in changes in the abnormal shape of erythrocytes in a row respectively 60%, 80% and 60% compared to the positive control group. The administration of malathion can reduce Hb levels by 15% and increase the abnormal deformation of erythrocytes by 27 times greater than the negative control group. Conclusion: Pulutan decocta (Urena lobata) leaves inhibits the decrease in hemoglobin levels and inhibit the percentage of abnormal forms of erythrocytes in zebrafish (Danio rerio) adult exposed to malathion chronically.
 
Keywords: Malathion, Urena lobata, red blood cell, zebra fish (Danio rerio)