Efek Teratogenik Dekokta Daun Pulutan (Urena lobata L.) (Studi terhadap Kelengkungan Tulang Belakang dan Panjang Badan pada Embrio Ikan Zebra (Danio rerio)

Abstract

Introduction: Caesarweed (Urena lobata L.) is one of the tropical plants that have potential as a drug but the toxicity of Caesar weed (Urena lobata L.) needs to be explored to know the safety limit, teratogenic test is one of the test can do. The teratogenic test is part of a special toxicity test to determine the presence of organ malformations due to exposure of xenobiotic compounds to the fetus. The aim of this research is to know the effect of teratogenic decoction of Urena lobata L leaves (Urena lobata L) especially the curvature of the spine and the body length of the embryo of zebra fish (Danio rerio).

Method: Laboratory experimental study with post test only control group design using zebrafish embryo (Danio rerio) which exposed to a decoction of Urena lobata leaf (DUL) at 5.25 hour post fertilization (hpf) - 72 hour post fertilization (hpf). Measurements of the curvature of spine and body length. performed in 5 treatment groups; control (Aquadest), therapeutic dose (500 μg/ml), ½ MATC dose (875 μg/ml), MATC dose (1750 μg/ml), and Lethal Concentration 50 dose (2500 μg/ml) group with repetition (n=3). The results were analyzed using One Way ANOVA followed by Pos Hoc Test LSD with significant value (p<0,05).

Result: The treatment dose of ½ MATC, MATC and LC50 doses significantly decreased the embryonic length of zebrafish by 4%, 10% and 30% (p <0.05),, while DUL to spinal curvature at therapy dose, ½ MATC, MATC and LC50 significantly increased spine curvature of zebrafish embryos by 4%, 6%, 10% and 40%, respectively, compared with controls (p <0.05).

Conclusion: The administration of DUL doses of ½ MATC, MATC and LC50 significantly decreased the length of embryos of zebra fish. Administration of DUL therapeutic doses, ½ MATC, MATC and LC50 significantly decrease the curvature degree of the zebra embryonic spine.