EFEK PAPARAN SUBKRONIK DEKOKTA DAUN NIMBA (Azadirachta indica) TERHADAP KECEPATAN BERENANG DAN HIPERPLASIA LAMELA INSANG PADA IKAN ZEBRA (Danio rerio) DEWASA

Abstract

Introduction: Neem leaf (Azadirachta indica) are empirically used as antimalarials, but several studies show negative effects that are thought to be due to the toxicity of Neem leaf. In adult zebrafish toxic effects can be detected from the gill organs and motor systems which observed through swimming speed. This study aims to determine the effect of subchronic toxicity of neem leaf decoctation (DDN) on swimming speed and hyperplasia of gill lamella in zebrafish (Danio rerio) adult.

Methods: Adult zebrafish are divided into four groups, namely the control group that is not exposed to DDN, therapeutic dose of DDN 50 mg/L, dose of MATC 275 mg/L, and dose of LC50 1024 mg/L. Swimming speed is analyzed by tracker software. Gill was stained using HE and analyzed histologically for hyperplasia. Data were analyzed according to needs with p value <0.05.

Results: Subchronic DDN exposure in MATC and LC50 dosage decrease adult zebrafish’s swimming speed by 36% and 45% compared to the control group. DDN in therapeutic dose, MATC, and LC50 significantly increase gill hyperplasia in adult zebrafish at 52%,78%, and 86% compared to the control group. Gill hyperplasia in adult zebrafish increase at 70% in LC50 dose compared to the therapy dose group and 35% compared to the MACT dose group (p<0,05).

Conclusion: Subchronic administration of neem leaf (Azadirachta indica) decocta at therapeutic dose only increase gill hyperplasia, while at MATC and LC50 dosages to adult zebrafish decrease swimming speed and increase gill hyperplasia.