EFEK KOMBINASI EKSTRAK Zingiber zerumbet L. DENGAN AMOKSISILIN, KLORAMFENIKOL DAN KOTRIMOKSAZOL TERHADAP ZONA INHIBISI, KADAR HAMBAT MINIMUM DAN KADAR BUNUH MINIMUM Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Introduction: The herbs which have synergistic effect to antibiotics can be used to tack antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection. Shampoo ginger (Zingiber zerumbet L.) is considered having antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. This study aims to determine the inhibitory power of combination of herbal extracts of shampoo ginger with amoxicillin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Method: Combination Zona of Inhibition (ZOI) test is using Ameri-Ziaei Double Antibiotic Synergism Test (AZDAST) on Nutrient Agar. Measuring of single or combination Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) is determined by the observe bacterial deposits at the bottom of the test tube. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) is determined by the presence of the clear areas in petri dishes. The natural interaction based on The Checkerboard assay. Result: An extract of Shampoo ginger is more sensitive to inhibit Staphlococcus aureus than Escherichia coli with a larger mean diameter of ZOI characterized, which is 16,67 ± 0.57 mm than 10,33±1,15. When it is combined with amoxicillin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole, there were no a signifikan result in two groups of combination HB+, AB+ and HB-, AB+. The results of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration are additive to all bacteria. While the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration required is synergistic if Shampoo ginger is compared with chloramphenicol against S. aureus.

Conclusion: This study concluded that the use of herbal combinations of shampoo ginger with amoxicillin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole has no effect. However, using of combination of shampoo ginger with chloramphenicol is more sensitive than the other antibiotic combination.