EFFECT OF SOLVENT VARIATIONS OF ULTRASONIC ASSISTED EXTRACTION (UAE) METHODS ON YIELD VALUE AND TOTAL FLAVONOID OF LEMONGRASS (Cymbopogon citratus)
Abstract
Introduction: The extraction of C. citratus using conventional methods takes quite a long time and requires more solvent than the ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) method. This method can increase yield extract and secondary metabolit substances can be more extracted. Flavonoid derivates can be extracted with polar and non polar solvents. This study aimed to determine the effect of solvent variations on total flavonoid yields and its concentration.
Method: C. citratus was extracted by the UAE method using ethanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate. Yield extract, phytochemical test, and total flavonoid were measured using spectrophotometry UV-Vis.
Result: Extraction of C. citratus using 96% ethanol solvent, acetone, and ethyl acetate has a successive percentage value of 6.33±0.21; 3.42±0.45; and 2.07±0.11%. The results of statistical analysis of solvent variations on yield extract differed significantly (p 0.000). Phytochemical test results on 96% ethanol extract, acetone, and ethyl acetate showed that C.citratus extract contains flavonoids. The test results for the total flavonoid levels of ethanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate solvents, respectively, were 229.65±1.90; 150.27±0.57; and 123,84±0,76mgQE/g. The results of the statistical analysis of solvent variations on total flavonoid levels differed significantly (p 0.000).
Conclusion: The ethanol 96% extract of C. citratus had the highest yield value and total flavonoid compared to acetone extract and ethyl acetate extract.
Keywords: Cymbopogon citratus; solvent variations; yield value; total flavonoid.
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