ANALISIS BOTTLENECK JEMBATAN JALAN LINTAS MELAWI TERHADAP KINERJA JALAN MT. HARYONO DI KOTA SINTANG

Abstract

Abstract

The bottleneck at the Melawi Crossing Bridge is the primary cause of structural traffic congestion on Jalan MT. Haryono in Sintang City. This study aims to model the impact of the bottleneck on traffic characteristics and analyze the magnitude of the resulting shockwaves. A descriptive quantitative method based on field observations was employed, utilizing a comparative approach between the Greenshields and Greenberg models. Analysis results indicate that the Greenshields model is the most accurate under normal conditions (Segment A1), with maximum volumes of 1,566 pcu/hour (Left Lane) and 1,452 smp/hour (Right Lane). However, the bottleneck in Segment A2 reduced capacity by over 40%—to 852 pcu/hour (Left Lane) and 845 pcu/hour (Right Lane)—and lowered operational speeds to below 20 km/hour. Shockwave analysis revealed the worst conditions on the Left Lane on Saturday, featuring a queue length of 1,736 meters and a delay of 1,450 vehicle-minutes, accompanied by a positive ω_AB anomaly (+2.488 km/hour) due to over-saturation. Conversely, the Right Lane on Monday exhibited a normal pattern, with ω_AB = -1.390 km/hour and a queue length of 761 meters. Implementing operational management for heavy vehicles is a potential strategy to alleviate congestion. Therefore, further study is required regarding heavy vehicle scheduling models and their impact on traffic volume distribution to achieve a balance between road demand and the bridge's limited capacity.

Keywords: Bottleneck, Shockwave, Greenshields, Greenberg, Gridlock.

Abstrak

Keberadaan bottleneck pada Jembatan Lintas Melawi menjadi pemicu utama kemacetan struktural di Jalan MT. Haryono, Kota Sintang. Penelitian ini bertujuan memodelkan pengaruh bottleneck terhadap karakteristik lalu lintas serta menganalisis besar gelombang kejut (shockwave) yang terbentuk. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif deskriptif berbasis observasi lapangan dengan pendekatan komparatif Model Greenshields dan Greenberg. Hasil analisis menunjukkan model Greenshields paling akurat pada kondisi normal (Segmen A1) dengan volume maksimum 1.566 smp/jam (Ruas Kiri) dan 1.452 smp/jam (Ruas Kanan). Namun, bottleneck di Segmen A2 mereduksi kapasitas hingga >40% menjadi 852 smp/jam (Ruas Kiri) dan 845 smp/jam (Ruas Kanan), serta menurunkan kecepatan operasional hingga <20 km/jam. Analisis gelombang kejut menunjukkan kondisi terparah pada Ruas Kiri hari Sabtu dengan panjang antrean 1.736 meter dan tundaan 1.450 kendaraan-menit, disertai anomali ω_AB positif (+2,488 km/jam) akibat over-saturation. Sebaliknya, Ruas Kanan hari Senin menunjukkan pola normal dengan ω_AB = -1,390 km/jam dan antrean 761 meter. Untuk mengurangi kemacetan dapat dilakukan adalah melakukan manajemen operasional kendaraan berat. Untuk itu, diperlukan studi lebih lanjut mengenai model pengaturan jadwal kendaraan berat dan pengaruhnya terhadap distribusi volume lalu lintas guna mencapai keseimbangan antara beban permintaan jalan dengan kapasitas jembatan yang terbatas.

Kata Kunci: Bottleneck, Gelombang Kejut, Greenshields, Greenberg, Gridlock.