STUDI EVALUASI SISTEM DRAINASE PERKOTAAN BERBASIS EPA SWMM DI KELURAHAN BANGGAE DAN KELURAHAN LABUANG UTARA KABUPATEN MAJENE

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Kelurahan Banggae dan Kelurahan Labuang Utara di Kabupaten Majene merupakan kawasan perkotaan yang sering mengalami genangan dan banjir saat musim hujan. Kondisi tersebut disebabkan oleh meningkatnya limpasan permukaan akibat perubahan tata guna lahan, pertumbuhan penduduk, sedimentasi dan sampah pada saluran drainase, serta keterbatasan kapasitas saluran drainase eksisting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja sistem drainase perkotaan di Kelurahan Banggae dan Kelurahan Labuang Utara menggunakan pemodelan EPA SWMM 5.2. Metode penelitian meliputi analisis hidrologi dan hidraulika dengan menggunakan data curah hujan maksimum selama 10 tahun (2015–2024). Analisis yang dilakukan mencakup uji homogenitas data, analisis frekuensi hujan dengan metode Gumbel, perhitungan intensitas hujan, debit limpasan, debit air kotor, serta debit banjir rencana untuk beberapa kala ulang. Evaluasi kapasitas saluran drainase dilakukan dengan membandingkan debit banjir rencana terhadap kapasitas saluran eksisting. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pemodelan sistem drainase menggunakan EPA SWMM 5.2 untuk mensimulasikan kondisi aliran pada jaringan drainase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa saluran drainase eksisting tidak mampu menampung debit banjir rencana, sehingga terjadi limpasan dan genangan di beberapa titik lokasi penelitian. Oleh karena itu, direkomendasikan perbaikan dan peningkatan dimensi saluran drainase agar sistem drainase dapat berfungsi secara optimal dalam mengurangi risiko banjir dan genangan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi teknis bagi pemerintah daerah dalam perencanaan dan pengelolaan sistem drainase perkotaan di Kabupaten Majene.

Kata kunci: Sistem Drainase Perkotaan, EPA SWMM 5.2, Banjir dan Genangan

Abstract

Banggae and Labuang Utara Subdistricts in Majene Regency are urban areas that frequently experience inundation and flooding during the rainy season. These conditions are caused by increased surface runoff due to land-use changes, population growth, sedimentation and solid waste accumulation in drainage channels, as well as the limited capacity of existing drainage systems. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the urban drainage system in Banggae and Labuang Utara Subdistricts using EPA SWMM 5.2 modeling. The research methodology includes hydrological and hydraulic analyses using maximum rainfall data over a 10-year period (2015–2024). The analyses consist of data homogeneity testing, rainfall frequency analysis using the Gumbel method, calculation of rainfall intensity, surface runoff discharge, domestic wastewater discharge, and design flood discharge for several return periods. The capacity of the existing drainage channels is evaluated by comparing the design flood discharge with the channel capacity. Furthermore, the drainage system is modeled using EPA SWMM 5.2 to simulate flow conditions within the drainage network. The results indicate that several existing drainage channels are unable to accommodate the design flood discharge, resulting in overflow and inundation at several locations within the study area. Therefore, improvements and resizing of drainage channel dimensions are recommended to enhance the performance of the urban drainage system in reducing flood and inundation risks. This study is expected to serve as a technical reference for local governments in urban drainage planning and management in Majene Regency.

Keywords: Urban Drainage System, EPA SWMM 5.2, Flooding and Inundation