Dinamika Rekasatwa: Jurnal Ilmiah (e-Journal)
Dinamika Rekasatwa (Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan) Merupakan Jurnal Hasil Penelitian yang Diterbitkan Secara Berkala oleh Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Islam Malang (terbit 2 kali setahun) Â Dewan Redaksi Dr. Ir. Mudawamah, M.Si Dr. Ir. Umi Kalsum, M.P Dr. Ir. Inggit Kentjonowaty, M.P drh. Nurul Humaidah, M.Kes. Mitra Bestari Dr. Ir. Eko Widodo, M.Sc.Agr. (Universitas Brawijaya) Dr. Ir. Riszqina, M.P. (Universitas Madura) Dr. Eko Marhaeniyanto, M.P. (Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi) Dr. Ir. Enike Dwi Kusumawati, S.Pt.M.P. (Universitas Kanjuruhan) Alamat Redaksi : Fakultas Peternakan Jl. MT. Haryono 193, Dinoyo, Malang 65144 Telp. 0341-551932, Fax. 0341-552249 email/website : fapetunisma41@gmail.com/www.unisma.ac.id Â
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MINUMAN ISOTONIK TERHADAP ORGAN IMUNITAS BROILER PASCA TRANSPORTASI
Transportasi adalah faktor stres utama dalam manajemen produksi ayam broiler yang berpotensi menurunkan performa fisiologis dan menekan sistem imun melalui aktivasi poros Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) serta peningkatan sekresi kortikosteron. Kondisi ini dapat memicu gangguan homeostasis, stres oksidatif, dan perubahan morfometri organ imunitas seperti limpa, timus, dan bursa Fabricius. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pengaruh pemberian minuman isotonik alami terhadap bobot relatif organ imunitas broiler pasca transportasi sejauh 65 km. Materi penelitian adalah 75 ekor broiler umur 21 hari. Metode penelitian adalah ekperimental. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 (air putih/kontrol), P1 (air gula merah 10 g/L), P2 (air garam 3 g/L), P3 (air kelapa 250 ml/L), dan P4 (Coconichick: campuran air gula merah, air garam, dan air kelapa). Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dengan 5%. Variabel yang diukur adalah bobot limpa, timus, dan bursa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian minuman isotonik air gula merah, air kelapa dan coconichik berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,05) terhadap bobot relatif limpa, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap bobot relatif timus dan bursa fabricius. Rata rata bobot (g) limpa adalah perlakuan kontrol 0.20± 0.08 b, air gula 0.10± 0.00 a, air garam 0.16± 0.02 a, air kelapa 0.07± 0.02 a, coconichik 0.08± 0.02 a. Rata rata bobot (g) timus pada perlakuan kontrol 0.21±0.08, air gula 0.21±0.00, air garam 0.17± 0.01, air kelapa 0.20± 0.03, dan coconichik 0.23± 0.01. Sedangkan rata rata bobot (g) bursa pada perlakuan kontrol 0.11± 0.03, air gula 0.10± 0.00, air garam 0.11± 0.00, air kelapa 0.10± 0.01 dan coconichik 0.10± 0.01. Kesimpulan adalah minuman isotonik alami air kelapa dan coconichick efektif dalam membantu pemulihan organ imun limpa pasca transportasi berdasarkan penurunan bobot organ. Kata Kunci : broiler, stres transportasi, minuman isotonik, organ imunitas. THE EFFECT OF ISOTONIC DRINK PROVISION ON BROILER IMMUNITY ORGANS POST-TRANSPORTATION Abstract Transportation was a major stress factor in broiler chicken production management because it had the potential to reduce physiological performance and suppress the immune system through activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and increased corticosterone secretion. This condition triggered homeostasis disorders, oxidative stress, and morphometric changes in immune organs such as the spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius. This study aimed to analyze the effect of natural isotonic drinks on the relative weight of broiler immune organs after 65 km of transportation. The study used 75 broilers aged 21 days. The research method was experimental and the design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of P0 (water/control), P1 (brown sugar water 10 g/L), P2 (salt water 3 g/L), P3 (coconut water 250 ml/L), and P4 (Coconichik a mixture consisting of brown sugar solution, salt solution and coconut water). Data were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% significance level. The variables measured were the relative weights of the spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius. The results showed that the administration of brown sugar water, coconut water, and Coconichick had a significant effect (P<0.05) on spleen weight, but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on thymus and bursa of Fabricius weights. The average spleen weight (g) was 0.20±0.08 in the control treatment, 0.10±0.00 in the brown sugar water treatment, 0.16±0.02 in the salt water treatment, 0.07±0.02 in the coconut water treatment, and 0.08±0.02 in the Coconichick treatment. The average thymus weight (g) was 0.21±0.08 in the control treatment, 0.21±0.00 in the brown sugar water treatment, 0.17±0.01 in the salt water treatment, 0.20±0.03 in the coconut water treatment, and 0.23±0.01 in the Coconichick treatment. The average bursa weight (g) was 0.11±0.03 in the control treatment, 0.10±0.00 in the brown sugar water treatment, 0.11±0.00 in the salt water treatment, 0.10±0.01 in the coconut water treatment, and 0.10±0.01 in the Coconichick treatment. Keywords: broiler, transportation stress, isotonic drinks, immune organ.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dinamika Rekasatwa: Jurnal Ilmiah (e-Journal)
ANALISIS EKONOMI PETERNAKAN BROILER MELALUI PENGGUNAAN PAKAN BERBASIS MINYAK HERMETIA TERSUPLEMENTASI SELENIUM
Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan minyak Hermetia tersuplementasi Selenium dalam ransum terhadap analisis ekonomi pemeliharaan Broiler. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental kuantitatif dengan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (RALF) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, yaitu M0S0 (ransum tanpa minyak Hermetia dan tanpa Selenium), M0S1 (ransum tanpa minyak Hermetia dengan suplementasi Selenium), M1S0 (ransum dengan minyak Hermetia tanpa Selenium), dan M1S1 (ransum dengan minyak Hermetia tersuplementasi Selenium), dengan setiap ulangan menggunakan 5 ekor Broiler. Variabel yang diamati pada penelitian ini meliputi Total Variabel Cost (TVC), Total Fixed Cost (TFC), Total Cost (TC), Pendapatan, Keuntungan, dan Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap TVC, TC, pendapatan, dan keuntungan, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap TFC. Perlakuan M1S1 (ransum dengan minyak Hermetia tersuplementasi Selenium) menghasilkan nilai pendapatan dan keuntungan tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan minyak Hermetia yang dikombinasikan dengan suplementasi Selenium dalam ransum mampu meningkatkan efisiensi ekonomi pada usaha pemeliharaan Broiler. Kata Kunci : Broiler, Minyak Hermetia, Selenium, Analisis Ekonomi. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF BROILER CHICKEN FARMING THROUGH THE USE OF HERMETIA BASED FEED SUPPLEMENTED WITH SELENIUM Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Hermetia oil supplemented with selenium in the diet on the economic performance of broiler production. A quantitative experimental method was applied using a Completely Randomized Factorial Design (CRFD) consisting of four treatments and three replications: M0S0 (diet without Hermetia oil and selenium), M0S1 (diet without Hermetia oil with selenium supplementation), M1S0 (diet with Hermetia oil without selenium), and M1S1 (diet with Hermetia oil supplemented with selenium). Each replication consisted of five broilers. The observed variables included Total Variable Cost (TVC), Total Fixed Cost (TFC), Total Cost (TC), revenue, profit, and Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC). The results indicated that the treatments had a highly significant effect (P < 0.01) on TVC, TC, revenue, and profit, but no significant effect on TFC. The M1S1 treatment resulted in the highest revenue and profit among all treatments. These findings suggest that the inclusion of Hermetia oil combined with selenium supplementation in the diet improves the economic efficiency of broiler production. Keywords: Broiler chickens, Hermetia Oil, Selenium, Economic analysis, Business profitability.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MINUMAN ISOTONIK TERHADAP BERAT ORGAN PENCERNAAN BROILER PASCA TRANSPORTASI
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian minuman isotonik terhadap respon anti stress ayam broiler saat transportasi. Ternak percobaan yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini , ayam broiler jantan sebanyak 75 ekor strain lohman umur 21 hari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen, menggunakan rancangan RAL( Rancangan acak lengkap) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Setiap ulangan terdiri dari 5 ekor ayam broiler. Perlakuan pertama yaitu (1) P0 kontrol pemberian air minum biasa (2) P1 pemberian air gula merah (3) P2 pemberian air garam 2g/l (4)P3 pemberian air kelapa (1:4) (5) P4 pemberian minuman isotonik , setiap perlakuan diberikan dengan dosis 20-50 ml. Analisis data pada riset ini menggunakan analisis of variance (ANOVA). Parameter yang diukur yaitu bobot organ pencernaan: Ventrikulus, proventikulus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caeca. Rata-rata bobot organ pencernaan yaitu 17,75 gram. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pemberian minuman isotonik berbasis air kelapa tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot organ pencernaan ayam broiler pasca transportasi P>0,05. Pemberian minuman isotonik tidak memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap berat organ pencernaan ayam broiler. Kata Kunci : minuman isotonik, ayam broiler. THE EFFECT OF PROVIDING ISOTONIC DRINKS ON THE WEIGHT OF BROILER DIGESTIVE ORGANS POST-TRANSPORTATION Abstract This study aims to analyze the effect of giving isotonic drinks on the anti-stress response of broiler chickens during transportation. The experimental livestock used for this study were 75 male broiler chickens of the Lohman strain aged 21 days. The research method used was the experimental method, using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. Each replication consisted of 5 broiler chickens. The first treatment was (1) P0 control given regular drinking water (2) P1 given brown sugar water (3) P2 given 2g/l salt water (4) P3 given coconut water (1:4) (5) P4 given isotonic drinks, each treatment was given at a dose of 20-50 ml. Data analysis in this study used analysis of variance (ANOVA). The parameters measured were the weight of the digestive organs: Ventriculus, proventriculus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caeca. The average weight of the digestive organs was 17.75 grams. The results of the study showed that the administration of coconut water-based isotonic drinks had no significant effect on the weight of the digestive organs of broiler chickens after transportation (P>0.05). The administration of isotonic drinks did not have a significant impact on the weight of the digestive organs of broiler chickens. Keywords: isotonic drinks, broiler chickens
PENGARUH TINGKAT PENGGUNAAN DAUN AFRIKA DALAM BENTUK BERBEDA SEBAGAI PAKAN KELINCI NEW ZEALAND WHITE JANTAN TERHADAP UKURAN RELATIF GINJAL DAN EMPEDU
Penelitian yang telah dilakukan memiliki tujuan dalam evaluasi pengaruh penggunaan daun afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) dan bentuk pakan terhadap bobot serta persentase bobot relatif organ ginjal dan empedu pada kelinci. Objek pada penelitian ini adalah 18 ekor kelinci jantan dengan umur 10 minggu jenis New Zealand White. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental, Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial. Kedua faktor pada penelitian ini adalah faktor satu yaitu level daun afrika 0%, 2,5%, dan 5%. faktor dua dalam penelitian ini adalah bentuk pakan yang terdiri dari mash dan cookies. Analisis Data pada penelitian ini adalah Analisi Of Variance (ANOVA). Jika ditemukan data berbeda nyata maka dilakukan uji Duncan. Berdasarkan data yang didapatkan dari hasil penelitian di dapatkan informasi bahwa penggunaan daun afrika dan bentuk pakan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P≤0,01) terhadap bobot dan ukuran relatif ginjal. Interaksi kedua faktor juga memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap parameter tersebut. Perlakuan daun afrika 5% dalam bentuk cookies menghasilkan bobot ginjal tertinggi. Kombinasi daun afrika 2,5% dalam bentuk cookies menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada bobot dan persentase empedu. Penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan daun afrika dalam pakan dapat meningkatkan respons fisiologis organ ginjal dan empedu. Kata Kunci : daun afrika,cookies, kelinci, ginjal, empedu, bentuk pakan. PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF BROILR CHICKENS WITH PROBIOTICS LACTOBACILLUS SALIVARIUS APPLICATION VIA LITTER SPRAYING Abstract The research conducted aims to evaluate the effect of using African leaves (Vernonia amygdalina) and various forms of feed on the weight and percentage of the relative weight of the kidneys and gall organs in rabbits. The objects in this study were 18 male New Zealand White rabbits aged 10 weeks. The method used was experimental. The research design employed in this study was a Factorial completely randomized design . The two factors in this study were factor one, namely the level of African leaves 0%, 2.5%, and 5%. The second factor in this study was the form of feed, consisting of mash and cookies. Data analysis in this study was Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). If significant differences were found, the Duncan test was carried out. Based on the study's results, the use of African leaves and the form of feed had a significant effect (P ≤ 0.01) on the weight and relative size of the kidney. The interaction of the two factors also had a very significant effect on these parameters. The treatment of 5% African leaves in the form of cookies resulted in the highest kidney weight. The use of African leaves and feed format also had a highly significant effect (P≤0.01) on the relative weight of the gallbladder. The combination of 2.5% African leaves in the form of cookies showed the best results in terms of weight and percentage of gallbladder. The study concluded that the use of African leaves in feed can improve the physiological responses of the kidneys and gallbladder. Keywords: African leaf, rabbit, kidney, gallbladder, feed form, cookies.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PUCUK DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) DENGAN ADITIF ENZIM NON-STARCH POLYSACCHARIDASE TERHADAP FCR DAN IOFC PADA PUYUH
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) dan penambahan enzim non-starch polysaccharidase (NSP) terhadap nilai Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) dan Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC) pada puyuh. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 45 hari di Desa Pajaran, Kecamatan Poncokusumo, Kabupaten Malang. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RALF) dengan dua faktor, yaitu taraf penggunaan daun kelor (tanpa kelor, kelor utuh, dan pucuk daun kelor) serta taraf penggunaan enzim NSP (0; 25.000; dan 50.000 unit/g pakan). Parameter yang diamati meliputi nilai FCR dan IOFC. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians (ANOVA). Selanjutnya, jika hasil menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nyata, dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan untuk membandingkan perlakuan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan daun kelor dan enzim NSP bekerja secara independen, sehingga tidak ditemukan efek interaksi terhadap FCR maupun IOFC. Penggunaan daun kelor berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap peningkatan nilai FCR dan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap penurunan nilai IOFC. Penggunaan daun kelor utuh meningkatkan nilai FCR dan menurunkan nilai IOFC, sedangkan penggunaan pucuk daun kelor menghasilkan nilai FCR dan IOFC yang tidak berbeda nyata dibandingkan pakan basal. Penambahan enzim NSP mampu menurunkan nilai FCR dan meningkatkan nilai IOFC. Nilai IOFC tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan pucuk daun kelor dengan penambahan enzim NSP dosis 50.000 unit sebesar Rp2.755,41, lebih tinggi dibandingkan pakan basal. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan pucuk daun kelor dengan penambahan enzim NSP berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan pakan dan keuntungan usaha ternak puyuh. Kata kunci: daun kelor, enzim NSP, FCR, IOFC, puyuh EFFECT OF MORINGA (Moringa oleifera) LEAF SHOOT SUPPLEMENTATION WITH NON-STARCH POLYSACCHARIDASE ENZYME ADDITIVES ON FCR AND IOFC IN QUAIL ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf utilization and the supplementation of non-starch polysaccharidase (NSP) enzyme on Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC) in quails. The study was conducted for 45 days in Pajaran Village, Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Factorial Design (CRFD) with two factors, namely the level of moringa leaf utilization (without moringa leaves, whole moringa leaves, and moringa leaf shoots) and the level of NSP enzyme supplementation (0; 25,000; and 50,000 units/g feed). The observed parameters included FCR and IOFC values. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). When significant differences among treatments were observed, Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was employed for further comparison of treatment means. The results indicated that the Moringa leaf treatment and NSP enzyme supplementation acted independently, with no interaction effect observed on either FCR or IOFC. The use of moringa leaves had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on increasing FCR values and a significant effect (P<0.05) on decreasing IOFC values. The use of whole moringa leaves increased FCR values and decreased IOFC values, while the use of moringa leaf shoots resulted in FCR and IOFC values that were not significantly different from the basal feed. NSP enzyme supplementation was able to decrease FCR values and increase IOFC values. The highest IOFC value was obtained in the treatment using moringa leaf shoots supplemented with 50,000 units of NSP enzyme, amounting to IDR 2,755.41, which was higher than the basal feed treatment. It can be concluded that the use of moringa leaf shoots with NSP enzyme supplementation has the potential to improve feed efficiency and increase the profitability of quail farming. Keyword: Moringa leaves, NSP enzyme, FCR, IOFC, quail.
PENGARUH UMUR TELUR TERHADAP TOTAL BAKTERI DAN VISKOSITAS MAYONNAISE
Telur telur merupakan salah satu bahan pangan kaya protein yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam pembuatan mayonnaise karena mengandung lesitin yang berperan sebagai elmusifier alami. Kualitas telur dapat menurun seiring bertambahnya umur simpan, sehingga berpotensi memengaruhi kualitas mayonnaise. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh umur telur terdap jumlah total bakteri dan viskositas mayonnaise. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimen dengn Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas tiga perlakuan umur telur, yaitu 1, 5, dan 10 hari, dengan masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak sembilan kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pengujian total bakteri dengan metode Total Plate Count (TPC) dan viskositas menggunakan viskometer brookfield. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan telur tidak memberikan pengaruh yag signifikan (P>0,05) terhadap total bakteri maupun viskositas mayonnaise. Nilai total bakteri (CFU/g) bertutut-turut pada P1, P2, P3 adalah 5,63×105; 7,07×105; dan 8,73×105, sedangakan nilai viskositas (%) sebesar 21,44; 20,33; dan 13,66. Disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan umur telur tidak memengaruhi total bakteri dan viskositas mayonnaise. Telur umur 1 hari menghasilkan total bakteri yang lebih rendah 5,63×105 CFU/g meskipun nilainya masih melampaui SNI dan nilai viskositas tertinggi 21,44%. Kata Kunci : Umur Telur, Masa Simpan, Mayonnaise, Total Bakteri, Viskositas. THE EFFECT OF EGG AGE ON TOTAL BACTERIA ANDA MAYONNAISE VISCOSITY Abstract Eggs are a food source of protein that is widely used in making mayonnaise because they contain lecithin which acts as a natural emulsifier. The quality of eggs can decrease as shelf life increases, potentially affecting the quality og mayonnaise. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of egg age on total bacterial count and viscosity. The research was carried out experimentally usinga Completely Randomized design (CRD) with three treatments (egg age), namely 1, 5, and 10 days, as well as nine replications. The observed parameters consisted of total bacterial count analyzed using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method and viscosity measured with a Brookfield viscometer. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The findings indicated that the egg treatments did not significantly affect (P>0.05) the total bacterial count or mayonnaise viscosity. The total bacterial values (CFU/g) respectively at P1, P2, P3 were 5.63×105; 7.07×105; and 8.73×105, while the viscosity (%) was 21.44; 20.33; and 13.66. it was concluded that differences in egg age did not affect total bacteria and mayonnaise viscosity. 1 day old eggs produced a lower total bacteria 5.63×105 CFU/g although the value still exceeded the SNI standard and the highest viscosity value was 21.44%. Keywords: Egg Age, Storage Time , Mayonnaise, Total Bacteria Viscosity.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK DAUN PARE SECARA PENGUAPAN TERHADAP NILAI pH DAN PENURUNAN BOBOT TELUR AYAM RAS
Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana pengaruh berbagai tingkat konsentrasi ekstrak daun pare (Momordica charantia) yang diaplikasikan selama penguapan terhadap parameter kualitas telur, meliputi pH albumen, pH kuning telur, dan penurunan berat telur ayam ras selama 21 hari penyimpanan. Dengan menggunakan 24 butir telur ayam ras Isa Brown yang berumur satu hari, studi ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Terpadu Universitas Islam Malang dari tanggal 19 September hingga 10 Oktober 2025. Desain Eksperimen ini didasarkan pada uji coba Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat tingkat perlakuan dan enam kali pengulangan. Tingkat P0 adalah konsentrasi tanpa ekstrak, Tingkat P1 adalah konsentrasi 5%, Tingkat P2 adalah konsentrasi 10%, dan Tingkat P3 adalah konsentrasi 15%. Data analisis menggunakan uji Analisis Varian ANOVA, yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil) apabila terdeteksi perbedaan yang signifikan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ekstrak daun pare dengan metode penguapan tidak memiliki dampak statistic yang signifikan (P>0,05) pada parameter kualitas telur, yaitu pH putih telur (kisaran 9,42–9,65), pH kuning telur (kisaran 6,70–6,89), dan berat telur (kisaran 53,50–54,67 gram), yang masih berada dalam kisaran normal. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan ekstrak daun pare hingga konsentrasi 15% melalui metode penguapan belum efektif mempertahankan kualitas pH dan berat telur selama penyimpanan 21 hari, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lanjutan dengan metode aplikasi atau konsentrasi yang berbeda. Kata kunci: ekstrak daun pare, penguapan, pH telur, bobot telur, kualitas telur. THE EFFECT OF VARYING CONCENTRATIONS OF BITTER MELON LEAF EXTRACT BY EVAPORATION ON THE pH VALUE AND WEIGHT REDUCTION OF CHICKEN EGGS Abstract This study aims to examine the effect of various concentration levels of bitter melon leaf extract (Momordica charantia) applied during evaporation on egg quality parameters, including albumen pH, yolk pH, and egg weight loss of broiler chickens during 21 days of storage. Using 24 one-day-old Isa Brown broiler chicken eggs, this study was conducted at the Integrated Laboratory of the Islamic University of Malang from September 19 to October 10, 2025. This experimental design was based on a completely randomized design (CRD) trial with four treatment levels and six replications. Level P0 is the concentration without extract, Level P1 is the concentration of 5%, Level P2 is the concentration of 10%, and Level P3 is the concentration of 15%. Data analysis used the Analysis of Variance ANOVA test, which was then followed by the LSD (Least Significant Difference) test if a significant difference was detected. The results of the study showed that the application of bitter melon leaf extract using the evaporation method did not have a statistically significant impact (P>0.05) on egg quality parameters, namely egg white pH (range 9.42–9.65), egg yolk pH (range 6.70–6.89), and egg weight (range 53.50–54.67 grams), which were still within the normal range. Further research using different application methods or concentrations is recommended to achieve more optimal results. Keywords: bitter melon leaf extract, evaporation, egg pH, weight egg , egg quality
PENGARUH JENIS KEMASAN TERHADAP TOTAL KOLONI BAKTERI DAN TOTAL KOLONI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT DARI PROBIOTIK Lactobacillus salivarius TERENKAPSULASI ARABINOXYLAN
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai jenis kemasan terhadap Total Koloni Bakteri dan Total Koloni Bakteri Asam Laktat dari probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius yang terenkapsulasi arabinoxylan selama masa penyimpanan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan kemasan (P0: tanpa kemasan, P1: aluminium foil, P2: kardus, P3: kombinasi aluminium foil dan kardus) dengan lima ulangan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 16 Uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) jika terdapat pengaruh yang nyata. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa jenis kemasan tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P≥0,05) terhadap Total Koloni Bakteri, di mana jumlah populasi mikroba heterotrof pada seluruh perlakuan cenderung stabil dan seragam. Sebaliknya, jenis kemasan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P≤0,05) terhadap Total Koloni Bakteri Asam Laktat selama periode penyimpanan 30 hari. Jumlah Total Koloni Bakteri Asam Laktat tertinggi ditemukan pada kemasan kardus (P2) sebesar 1,5 x 105 CFU, sedangkan jumlah terendah terdapat pada kemasan aluminium foil (P1) sebesar 7,7 × 107 CFU. Karakteristik kemasan kardus yang porus diduga mampu menjaga keseimbangan difusi gas hasil metabolisme dan melindungi sel dari fluktuasi suhu secara optimal. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah jenis kemasan terbukti memengaruhi Total Koloni Bakteri Asam Laktat tetapi tidak memengaruhi Total Koloni Bakteri, dengan kemasan kardus sebagai media penyimpanan yang paling efektif. Kata Kunci : Lactobacillus salivarius, kemasan, total koloni bakteri, bakteri asam laktat, enkapsulasi, kemasan, arabinoxylan THE EFFECT OF PACKAGING TYPE ON TOTAL BACTERIAL COLONIES AND TOTAL LACTIC ACID BACTERIA COLONIES OF ENCAPSULATED PROBIOTIC Lactobacillus salivarius WITH ARABINOXYLAN Abstract This study aimed to determine the effect of various packaging types on the Total Bacterial Colonies and Total Lactic Acid Bacteria colonies of Lactobacillus salivarius probiotics encapsulated with arabinoxylan during storage. The research method utilized an experimental approach with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of four packaging treatments (P0: no packaging, P1: aluminum foil, P2: cardboard, P3: combination of aluminum foil and cardboard) with five replications. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and, if a significant effect was detected, further tested using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with the SPSS 16 application. Statistical analysis showed that the packaging type had no significant effect (P≥0,05) on Total Bacterial Colonies, where the heterotrophic microbial population across all treatments tended to be stable and uniform. Conversely, the packaging type significantly affected (P≤0,05) the Total Lactic Acid Bacteria Colonies during the 30-day storage period. The highest Total Lactic Acid Bacteria Colonies count was found in cardboard packaging (P2) at 1.5 x 105 CFU, while the lowest count was observed in aluminum foil packaging (P1) at 7,7 × 107 CFU. The porous characteristic of cardboard packaging is suggested to effectively maintain the balance of metabolic gas diffusion and optimally protect the cells from temperature fluctuations. In conclusion, the packaging type significantly influences the of Total Lactic Acid Bacteria Colonies but does not affect total bacterial colonies, with cardboard packaging being the most effective storage medium. Keywords: Lactobacillus salivarius, packaging, total bacterial colonies, lactic acid bacteria, encapsulation, packaging, arabinoxylan
REGRESI DAN KORELASI DENSITAS TEPUNG IKAN UNTUK PAKAN TERNAK DENGAN PERLAKUAN PEMALSUAN LIMBAH IKAN ASIN TERHADAP NILAI NaCl DAN PROTEIN
Peningkatan kebutuhan tepung ikan sebagai bahan pakan ternak berpotensi mendorong praktik pemalsuan melalui penambahan limbah ikan asin yang dapat memengaruhi kualitas fisik dan kimia produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemalsuan terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia tepung ikan, mengetahui hubungan antara densitas dengan kadar protein kasar (PK) dan NaCl, serta menentukan model matematis pendugaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 pengulangan, yaitu P0 (tepung ikan murni), P1 (5% limbah ikan asin), P2 (10%), P3 (15%), P4 (20%). Parameter yang diamati meliputi kerapatan tumpukan (KT), kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan (KPT), berat jenis (BJ), protein kasar, dan NaCl. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis korelasi dan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap BJ, PK, dan NaCl, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap KT dan KPT. Berat jenis menunjukkan korelasi paling kuat terhadap PK (r=0.822) dan NaCl (r=0.859), sedangkan hubungan antara PK dan NaCl memiliki korelasi sangat kuat (r=0,901). Model regresi terbaik diperoleh pada parameter BJ dengan permsamaan Y = 0,9919x + 47,429 untuk PK dan Y = 0,541x + 1,2409 untuk NaCl. Dengan demikian BJ merupakan parameter densitas yang paling sensitif terhadap perubahan kualitas tepung ikan akibat pemalsuan limbah ikan asin dan berpotensi digunakan sebagai metode screening awal yang cepat dan praktis.. Kata Kunci : densitas, protein kasar, NaCl, tepung ikan, limbah ikan asin. REGRESSION AND CORRELATION OF FISH MEAL DENSITY FOR ANIMAL FEED SUBJECTED TO SALTED FISH WASTE ADULTERATION ON NaCl AND PROTEIN Abstract The increasing demand for fish meal as a livestock feed ingredient may encourage adulteration practices through the addition of salted fish waste, which can affect the physical and chemical quality of the product. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adulteration on the physical and chemical properties of fish meal, determine the relationship between density, crude protein (CP) and sodium chloride (NaCl) contect, and develop predictive mathematical models. The study employed an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and three replications was applied: P0 (pure fish meal), P1 (5%), P2 (10%), P3 (15%), and P4 (20%). Parameters observed included bulk density, tapped density, spesific gravity, CP, NaCl. Data were analyzed using correlation and regression analyses. The results showed that the treatments had a highly significant effect (P<0,01) on specific gravity, crude protein, and NaCl content, but had no significant effect (P>0,05) on bulk density and tapped density. Specific gravity showed the strongest correlation with crude protein (r=0,822) and NaCl(r=0,859), while crude protein and NaCl exhibited a very strong correlation (r=0,901). The best regression models were obtained using specific gravity, with equations of Y=0,9919x + 47.429 for CP and Y=0,541x + 1,2409 for NaCl. Therefore, Specific gravity was the most sensitive density caused by salted fish waste adulteration and has potential as a rapid and practical preliminary screening method. Keywords: density, crude protein, sodium chloride, fish meal, salted fish meal.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MINYAK LEMURU DAN DAUN PANDAN DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP ANALISIS EKONOMI AYAM PETELUR
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan minyak lemuru dan daun pandan dalam pakan terhadap analisis ekonomi usaha ayam petelur. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Eko Farm Kabupaten Malang pada Mei–Agustus 2024 menggunakan 27 ekor ayam petelur yang disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial 3×3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah level minyak lemuru (0%, 1,5%, dan 3%) dan faktor kedua adalah level daun pandan (0%, 2%, dan 4%). Variabel yang diamati meliputi Total Variable Cost (TVC), Total Fixed Cost (TFC), Total Cost (TC), pendapatan, keuntungan, dan Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC). Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan Uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan minyak lemuru berpengaruh nyata terhadap TVC, TC, pendapatan, keuntungan, dan IOFC penambahan daun pandan secara nyata P<0,05 dapat menurunkan TVC dan TC serta meningkatkan keuntungan dan IOFC, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter TFC. Tidak di temukan interaksi antara penggunaan minyak lemuru dan daun padan terhadap pakan ternak terhadap nilai semua parameter. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan minyak lemuru berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi dan keuntungan usaha ayam petelur. Kata kunci: ayam petelur, analisis ekonomi, daun pandan, minyak lemuru, IOFC. THE EFFECT OF ADDING LEMURU OIL AND PANDAN LEAVES IN FEED ON THE PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF LAYING HENS Abstract This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of lemuru oil and pandan leaves in feed on the economic analysis of the laying hen business. The research was carried out at Eko Farm, Malang Regency in May-August 2024 using 27 laying hens arranged in a Complete Random Design with a factorial pattern of 3×3 with 3 replicas. The first factor is the level of lemuru oil (0%, 1.5%, and 3%) and the second factor is the level of pandan leaves (0%, 2%, and 4%). The variables observed included Total Variable Cost (TVC), Total Fixed Cost (TFC), Total Cost (TC), revenue, profit, and Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC). The data was analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with the Duncan Test. The results showed that the addition of lemuru oil had a significant effect on TVC, TC, revenue, profit, and IOFC The addition of pandanus daumn was significantly P<0.05 could reduce TVC and TC and increase profits and IOFC, but did not have a real effect on TFC parameters. No interaction was found between the use of lemuru oil and matching leaves on animal feed on the value of all parameters. It was concluded that the use of lemuru oil has the potential to increase the efficiency and profits of the laying hen business. Keywords: laying hens, economic analysis, pandan leaves, lemuru oil, IOFC.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MINYAK LEMURU DAN DAUN PANDAN DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP KUALITAS ALBUMIN TELUR AYAM
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan minyak lemuru dan daun pandan dalam pakan terhadap kualitas albumin telur ayam petelur. Rancangan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RALF) dengan 2 faktor, dan 3 ulangan, perlakuan pada penelitian ini terdiri atas faktor dosis minyak lemuru dan faktor dosis daun pandan. Faktor dosis minyak lemuru terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 0% (L0), 1:1 (L1), dan 3% (L2), sedangkan faktor dosis daun pandan terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 0% (P0), 2% (P1), dan 4% (P2). Setiap unit percobaan terdiri dari 1 ekor ayam petelur. Data kualitas albumin diperoleh melalui penimbangan bobot telur harian serta pemisahan komponen telur, yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Apabila diperoleh data berbeda nyata dilakukan uji duncan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diketahui bahwa penambahan minyak lemuru dan daun pandan, baik secara parsial maupun kombinasi, memberikan pengaruh yang tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap tinggi putih telur, lebar putih telur, serta pH putih telur. Penggunaan minyak lemuru dan daun pandan tidak menghasilkan interaksi yang nyata terhadap tinggi putih telur, lebar putih telur dan pH putih telur. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penambahan minyak lemuru dan daun pandan dalam pakan tidak mengubah karakteristik fisik dan kimia albumin telur ayam. Kata kunci: Kualitas albumin, telur ayam, tinggi putih telur, lebar putih telur, pH putih telur EFFECT OF ADDING LEMURU OIL AND PANDAN LEAVES IN FEED ON THE ALBUMIN QUALITY OF CHICKEN EGGS ABSTRACT This study aims to evaluate the effect of the addition of lemuru oil and pandan leaves in feed on the albumin quality of laying hen eggs. The design used in this study is a Factorial Complete Random Design (RALF) with 2 factors, and 3 replicas, the treatment in this study consists of the lemuru oil dosage factor and the pandan leaf dosage factor. The dose factor of lemuru oil consists of 3 levels, namely 0% (L0), 1:1 (L1), and 3% (L2), while the dosage factor of pandan leaves consists of 3 levels, namely 0% (P0), 2% (P1), and 4% (P2). Each experimental unit consists of 1 laying hen. Albumin quality data was obtained through daily egg weight weighing and egg component separation, which was then analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). If the data is obtained, the duncan test is carried out. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the addition of lemuru oil and pandan leaves, either partially or in combination, has an unreal effect (P>0.05) on the height of the egg white, the width of the egg white, and the pH of the egg white. The use of lemuru oil and pandan leaves did not produce a noticeable interaction on egg white height, egg white width and egg white pH. The conclusion of this study is that the addition of lemuru oil and pandan leaves in the feed does not change the physical and chemical characteristics of chicken egg albumin. Keyword: Albumin quality, chicken eggs, egg white height, egg white width, egg white pH
PENGARUH JENIS KEMASAN PROBIOTIK Lactobacillus salivarius TERENKAPSULASI ARABINOXYLAN TERHADAP CEMARAN Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, DAN Escherichia coli
Regulasi mengenai pembatasan Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP) pada pakan perunggasan telah memicu kerentanan ternak terhadap serangan mikroorganisme patogen. Guna mengatasi masalah tersebut, Lactobacillus salivarius sebagai agen probiotik dimanfaatkan dengan perlindungan matriks arabinoxylan agar daya tahannya tetap terjaga. Tujuan utama studi ini yakni mengkaji tingkat kontaminasi bakteri berbahaya (mencakup Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, serta Escherichia coli) pada sediaan probiotik tersalut arabinoxylan yang dibungkus menggunakan variasi material berbeda. Pendekatan eksperimen diaplikasikan melalui desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang melibatkan 4 model perlakuan serta 5 ulangan. Model perlakuan terdiri dari P0 (kontrol, tanpa pembungkus), P1 (pengemas berbahan alumunium foil), P2 (kardus), serta P3 (kombinasi alumunium foil dan kardus). Pengamatan dilakukan pasca masa simpan 30 hari di suhu kamar. Pengukuran jumlah koloni bakteri jahat dieksekusi melalui teknik Total Plate Count. Analisis statistik dikerjakan dengan ANOVA dan diteruskan ke Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan (DMRT). Temuan riset mengindikasikan adanya efek yang signifikan (P<0,05) dari macam pengemas terhadap populasi E. coli, namun tidak memberikan dampak berarti (P>0,05) pada kontaminasi Salmonella sp. maupun S. aureus. Aplikasi alumunium foil (P1) ditetapkan sebagai langkah paling optimal guna mereduksi multiplikasi E. coli berkat profil hermetisnya yang secara efektif memblokir transmisi uap air maupun oksigen. Sebagai konklusi, alumunium foil merupakan opsi kemasan yang paling presisi guna memastikan keamanan produk probiotik L. salivarius berbalut arabinoxylan. Kata Kunci : arabinoxylan, bakteri patogen, enkapsulasi, jenis kemasan, Lactobacillus salivarius. EFFECT OF PACKAGING TYPE ON THE CONTAMINATION OF Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, AND Escherichia coli IN ARABINOXYLAN-ENCAPSULATED Lactobacillus salivarius PROBIOTIC Abstract The restriction on Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGP) in poultry nutrition has led to an increased susceptibility of birds to pathogenic infections. To address this issue, the probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius was protected using an arabinoxylan matrix to ensure its survivability. This current study aimed to assess the contamination levels of harmful bacteria (namely Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli) in arabinoxylan-coated L. salivarius stored inside diverse packaging materials. An experimental trial was carried out based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The applied treatments were P0 (unpackaged control), P1 (aluminum foil wrapping), P2 (cardboard box), and P3 (a mix of cardboard and aluminum foil). The products were kept at room temperature for a 30-day period. The total pathogenic colonies were quantified via the Total Plate Count procedure. Statistical evaluation was performed using ANOVA followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The outcomes revealed that the packaging variation significantly influenced (P<0.05) E. coli growth, yet it did not significantly impact (P>0.05) the presence of Salmonella sp. and S. aureus. The use of aluminum foil (P1) emerged as the most superior approach to inhibit E. coli proliferation due to its outstanding hermetic barrier against moisture and oxygen transmission. In summary, aluminum foil serves as the most effective packaging alternative to preserve the microbiological safety of arabinoxylan-encapsulated L. salivarius.. Keywords: arabinoxylan, encapsulation, Lactobacillus salivarius, packaging type, pathogenic bacteria.
PENGARUH LAMA SIMPAN PROBIOTIK Lactobacillus salivarius TERENKAPSULASI ARABINOXYLAN TERHADAP TOTAL BAKTERI DAN JUMLAH BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT
Riset yang telah dilakukan memiliki tujuan untuk evaluasi pengaruh lama simpan probiotik L. salivarius dengan bahan penyalut (enkapsulasi) arabinoxylan terhadap total bakteri dan total koloni mikroba tipe bakteri asam laktat (BAL). Metode experimental dipilih dalam riset ini. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Jumlah perlakuan sebanyak 4 dengan 5 kali ripetisi. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu P0 = penyimpanan hari ke-0, P1= penyimpanan hari ke-14, P2= penyimpanan hari ke-28, dan P3= penyimpanan hari ke-42. Analisis data pada riset ini adalah Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dengan Uji Duncan jika diperoleh perbedaan antar perlakuan. Riset ini memberikan hasil berupa informasi terkait lama simpan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap total bakteri dan jumlah BAL. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai total bakteri pada PO= 1,5 X 107, P1= 1,6 X 107, P2= 2,1 X 107, P3= 2,3 X 107. Hasil penelitian BAL diperoleh hasil P0= 2,4 X 107, P1= 2,5 X 107, P2= 2,1 X 107, P3= 1,5 X 107. Nilai total bakteri tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan P3 sebesar 2,3 × 107 cfu/g, sedangkan jumlah BAL terendah diperoleh pada perlakuan P3 sebesar 1,5 × 107 cfu/g. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa lama simpan probiotik L. salivarius terenkapsulasi arabinoxylan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap total bakteri dan jumlah bakteri asam laktat. Lama simpan terbaik diperoleh pada penyimpanan hingga 14 hari karena pada periode tersebut nilai TPC masih rendah dan jumlah BAL masih tinggi sehingga kualitas probiotik masih baik. Kata Kunci : Lactobacillus salivarius, arabinoxylan, bakteri asam laktat, total bakteri. EFFECT OF STORAGE DURATION OF ARABINOXYLAN ENCAPSULATED Lactobacillus salivarius PROBIOTIC ON TOTAL BACTERIAL COUNT AND LACTIC ACID BACTERIA COUNT Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the storage period of arabinoxylan-encapsulated Lactobacillus salivarius probiotic on the total bacterial count and the population of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). An experimental method was employed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments with five replications. The treatments were as follows: P0 = 0 days of storage, P1 = 14 days of storage, P2 = 28 days of storage, and P3 = 42 days of storage. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test when significant differences among treatments were detected. The results showed that the storage period had a highly significant effect (P < 0.01) on both the total bacterial count and the LAB population. The total bacterial counts were 1.5 × 10⁷, 1.6 × 10⁷, 2.1 × 10⁷, and 2.3 × 10⁷ CFU/g for P0, P1, P2, and P3, respectively. Meanwhile, the LAB counts were 2.4 × 10⁷, 2.5 × 10⁷, 2.1 × 10⁷, and 1.5 × 10⁷ CFU/g for P0, P1, P2, and P3, respectively. The highest total bacterial count was observed in P3 (2.3 × 10⁷ CFU/g), whereas the lowest LAB count was recorded in P3 (1.5 × 10⁷ CFU/g). In conclusion, the storage period of arabinoxylan-encapsulated L. salivarius probiotic had a highly significant effect on both the total bacterial count and the LAB population. The optimum storage period was 14 days, as the Total Plate Count (TPC) remained relatively low while the LAB population remained high, indicating that the probiotic quality was still well maintained. Keywords: Lactobacillus salivarius, arabinoxylan, lactic acid bacteria, total bacterial count.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PROBIOTIK LACTOBACILLUS SALIVARIUS DALAM BERBAGAI BENTUK PAKAN TERHADAP BOBOT RELATIF ORGAN ACCESSORIE KELINCI HYLA
Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius dalam berbagai bentuk pakan kelinci hyla jantan umur 8 minggu. Jumlah kelinci yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 12 ekor. Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode experimental. Rancangan Percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini adalah P0 : Kontrol mash tanpa Lactobacillus salivarius, P1 = Mash dengan Lactobacillus salivarius, P2 = Pellet dengan Lactobacillus salivarius, P3 = Wafer dengan Lactobacillus salivarius. Parameter yang diukur adalah bobot relatif organ accecorie yang terdiri dari pankreas, emepdu dan ginjal. Data di anlisis dengan Analysist of Variance (Anova). Jika diperoleh data yang berbeda nyata dilakukan uji duncan. Bentuk pakan kelinci hyla yang diberi probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius berpengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap peningkatan bobot relatif kelinci hyla Jantan. Bentuk pakan terbaik kelinci hyla yang diberi probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius adalah wafer pakan. Kata Kunci : Kelinci Hayla, organ accecorie, Probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius THE EFFECT OF ADDITION OF PROBIOTIC LACTOBACILLUS SALIVARIUS IN VARIOUS FORMS OF FEED ON THE RELATIVE WEIGHT OF HYLA RABBIT ACCESSORY ORGANS Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius in various forms of feed for 8-week-old male hayla rabbits. The study used 12 rabbits. This study used an experimental method. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments in this study were P0: Control mash without Lactobacillus salivarius, P1 = Mash with Lactobacillus salivarius, P2 = Pellet with Lactobacillus salivarius, and P3 = wAFER with Lactobacillus salivarius. The parameters measured were the relative weight of the accessory organs, consisting of the pancreas, gallbladder, and kidneys. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). If significantly different data were obtained, a Duncan test was performed. The form of hayla rabbit feed given probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius had a significant effect (P <0.05) on increasing the relative weight of male hayla rabbits. The best form of feed for Hayla rabbits, given the probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius, is feed wafers. Keywords: Accecorie organ, Hyla Rabbit, Lactobacillus salivariu
PENGARUH JARAK KELAHIRAN (LAMBING INTERVAL) TERHADAP JUMLAH ANAK PER KELAHIRAN (LITTER SIZE) DAN BOBOT LAHIR DOMBA CROSS TEXEL DI PANDAWA FARM
Produktivitas reproduksi merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang menentukan keberhasilan usaha pembibitan domba. Lambing interval sebagai indikator efisiensi reproduksi diduga berhubungan dengan jumlah anak per kelahiran (litter size) dan bobot lahir anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan dan pengaruh lambing interval terhadap litter size dan bobot lahir pada domba Cross Texel di Pandawa Farm. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder reproduksi dari 35 ekor induk domba Cross Texel yang telah beranak. Variabel yang diamati meliputi lambing interval, litter size, dan bobot lahir. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif, uji korelasi Pearson, dan regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata lambing interval, litter size, dan bobot lahir berturut-turut sebesar 241,34 ± 41,97 hari, 1,60 ± 0,695 ekor, dan 2,80 ± 0,464 kg. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa lambing interval memiliki hubungan negatif yang signifikan terhadap litter size (r = -0,368; P = 0,029), sedangkan hubungan terhadap bobot lahir tidak signifikan (r = -0,121; P = 0,488). Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa lambing interval berpengaruh nyata terhadap litter size dengan persamaan Y₁ = 3,071 − 0,006X, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot lahir dengan persamaan Y₂ = 3,128 − 0,001X. Disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan lambing interval cenderung menurunkan jumlah anak per kelahiran, namun tidak memengaruhi bobot lahir anak domba Cross Texel. Oleh karena itu, optimalisasi manajemen reproduksi untuk mempertahankan lambing interval yang efisien perlu dilakukan guna meningkatkan produktivitas reproduksi, khususnya litter size.. Kata Kunci: bobot lahir, domba Cross Texel, lambing interval, litter size, reproduksi. The Effect of Lambing interval on Litter size and Birth Weight of Cross Texel Sheep at Pandawa Farm Abstract Reproductive performance is a key factor determining the success of sheep breeding enterprises. Lambing interval, as an indicator of reproductive efficiency, is assumed to be associated with litter size and lamb birth weight. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship and effect of lambing interval on litter size and birth weight in Cross Texel sheep at Pandawa Farm. Secondary reproductive records from 35 Cross Texel ewes were used in this study. The observed variables included lambing interval, litter size, and birth weight. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and simple linear regression. The results showed that the average lambing interval, litter size, and birth weight were 241.34 ± 41.97 days, 1.60 ± 0.695 lambs, and 2.80 ± 0.464 kg, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between lambing interval and litter size (r = -0.368; P = 0.029), whereas the relationship between lambing interval and birth weight was not significant (r = -0.121; P = 0.488). Simple linear regression indicated that lambing interval had a significant effect on litter size (Y₁ = 3.071 − 0.006X) but no significant effect on birth weight (Y₂ = 3.128 − 0.001X). It can be concluded that a longer lambing interval tends to reduce litter size but does not affect the birth weight of Cross Texel lambs. Therefore, optimizing reproductive management to maintain an efficient lambing interval is essential to improve reproductive productivity, particularly litter size. Keywords: birth weight; Cross Texel sheep; lambing interval; litter size; reproductive performance.
ANALISIS USAHA TERNAK KAMBING RAKYAT STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN SINGOSARI KABUPATEN MALANG
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis usaha ternak kambing rakyat di Kecamatan Singosari dengan menerapkan metode studi kasus yang dipadukan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif terhadap 30 peternak kambing yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan survei lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh peternak berjenis kelamin laki-laki dengan mayoritas berada dalam kategori usia produktif dan Pendidikan terakhir relatif rendah. Rata-rata biaya tetap usaha ternak sebesar Rp10.985.781 per tahun, sedangkan biaya variabel sebesar Rp20.271.629 per tahun, sehingga keseluruhan biaya produksi mencapai Rp31.257.410 per tahun. Sementara itu, rata-rata penerimaan usaha sebesar Rp33.385.933 per tahun dengan pendapatan bersih sebesar Rp2.128.523 per periode usaha. Analisis kelayakan menunjukkan nilai R/C Ratio 1,1 yang berarti usaha ternak kambing rakyat layak dan menguntungkan untuk dijalankan. Selain itu, nilai Payback Period (PP) sebesar 2,5 tahun menunjukkan bahwa modal investasi dapat kembali dalam waktu relatif cepat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa usaha ternak kambing rakyat di Kecamatan Singosari Kabupaten Malang memiliki nilai keuntungan, dan usaha ternak kambing layak untuk dilanjutkan dan dikembangkan. Kata Kunci : analisis finansial, ternak kambing rakyat, pendapatan, R/C ratio, payback period Analysis of Small-Scale Goat Farming A Case Study in Singosari District, Malang Regency Abstract This study analyzes small-scale goat farming businesses in Singosari District, Malang Regency, aiming to determine farmer characteristics, cost structures, revenue, income, and financial feasibility. A case study method with a quantitative descriptive approach was employed, involving 30 goat farmers selected via purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and field surveys. The results indicate that all farmers were male, with the majority in their productive years and possessing relatively low levels of education. Average fixed costs amounted to Rp10,985,781 per year and variable costs to Rp20,271,629 per year, resulting in a total production cost of Rp31,257,410 per year. Meanwhile, average business revenue was Rp33,385,933 per year, with a net income of Rp2,128,523 per production cycle. Feasibility analysis revealed an R/C ratio of 1.1, indicating that the small-scale goat farming business is viable and profitable. Furthermore, a Payback Period (PP) of 2.5 years suggests that the investment capital can be recouped relatively quickly. Based on these findings, small-scale goat farming in Singosari District has the potential for further development through improved production cost efficiency and increased livestock ownership. Keywords: financial analysis, small-scale goat farming, income, R/C ratio, payback period
PERFORMA BOBOT LAHIR DAN PERTUMBUHAN ANAK BERDASARKAN BOBOT BADAN DAN UKURAN TUBUH INDUK DOMBA CROSS TEXEL
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan serta keeratan antara bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran linier tubuh induk (bobot badan, panjang badan, lingkar dada, tinggi pundak) terhadap performa awal keturunan (bobot lahir dan laju pertumbuhan pra-sapih) pada domba Cross Texel. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei observasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif pada populasi ternak di Pandawa Farm, Turen, Kabupaten Malang. Materi penelitian yang digunakan meliputi 30 ekor induk domba Cross Texel paritas 2–4 serta 45 ekor anak domba yang dilahirkannya. Parameter tubuh induk diukur pada fase kebuntingan tua, sedangkan bobot lahir anak ditimbang kurang dari 24 jam setelah kelahiran, dilanjutkan dengan pencatatan pertumbuhan harian hingga masa sapih. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan statistik deskriptif, uji korelasi Pearson, serta analisis regresi linear sederhana dan berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata bobot lahir anak domba adalah 2,87 ± 0,38 kg, sedangkan rata-rata pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH) pra-sapih adalah 0,164 ± 0,01 kg/hari. Hasil analisis uji parsial membuktikan bahwa ukuran lingkar dada induk merupakan satu-satunya variabel morfometrik yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan (P < 0,05) terhadap bobot lahir anak dengan nilai korelasi positif (r = 0,380) dan mengikuti persamaan regresi Y1 = 1,20 + 0,023X3. Sebaliknya, variabel bobot badan, panjang badan, dan tinggi pundak induk tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata (P > 0,05) terhadap performa bobot lahir maupun pertumbuhan anak. Berdasarkan hasil uji simultan, dimensi tubuh induk secara bersama-sama memberikan kontribusi sebesar 15,8% terhadap bobot lahir dan hanya 4,7% terhadap pertumbuhan harian anak. Disimpulkan bahwa karakteristik lingkar dada induk merupakan indikator morfometrik paling efektif untuk mengestimasi dan meningkatkan performa bobot lahir anak domba Cross Texel, sementara performa pertumbuhan pasca-lahir lebih didominasi oleh manajemen pakan fungsional dan kapasitas laktasi induk. Kata Kunci: Cross Texel, Lingkar Dada, Bobot Lahir, Pertumbuhan Pra-Sapih, Seleksi Induk Birth Weight and Growth Performance of Lambs Based on Body Weight and Body Measurements of Cross Texel Ewes Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the correlation and predictive effects of ewe body weight and morphometric traits (body length, chest girth, and withers height) on the birth weight and pre-weaning growth performance of Cross Texel lambs. A quantitative observational survey was conducted on 30 ewes (parity 2–4) and 45 lambs at Pandawa Farm, Malang. Data were evaluated using Pearson correlation, alongside simple and multiple linear regression analyses. The results showed an average lamb birth weight of 2.87 ± 0.38 kg and a pre-weaning growth rate of 0.164 ± 0.01 kg/day. Crucially, ewe chest girth was the only morphometric variable that significantly influenced (P < 0.05) lamb birth weight, showing a positive correlation (r = 0.380) via the regression equation Y1 = 1.20 + 0.023X3. Conversely, ewe body weight, body length, and withers height had no significant effects (P > 0.05) on offspring traits. In conclusion, ewe chest girth serves as the most reliable morphometric selector for predicting lamb birth weight. Keywords: Cross Texel, Chest Girth, Birth Weight, Pre-Weaning Growth, Ewe Selection.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN ACIDIFIER BERBAHAN FERMENTASI ASAM JAWA DAN KULIT NANAS TERHADAP RESPON UKURAN RELATIF SALURAN PENCERNAAN BROILER
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian acidifier berbahan fermentasi asam jawa (Tamarindus indica) dan kulit nanas (Ananas comosus) terhadap ukuran relatif organ saluran pencernaan ayam broiler. Acidifier alami dikembangkan sebagai alternatif pengganti Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP) karena mengandung asam organik yang berpotensi mendukung kesehatan saluran pencernaan dan meningkatkan efisiensi pemanfaatan nutrien. Penelitian menggunakan 60 ekor ayam broiler strain CP 707 yang dipelihara selama 35 hari dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan meliputi P0 (kontrol tanpa acidifier), P1 (acidifier hasil fermentasi asam jawa), P2 (acidifier hasil fermentasi kulit nanas), dan P3 (kombinasi fermentasi asam jawa dan kulit nanas) yang diberikan melalui air minum. Parameter yang diamati meliputi bobot dan persentase relatif proventrikulus, ventrikulus, serta usus halus. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian acidifier berbahan fermentasi asam jawa, kulit nanas, maupun kombinasinya tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap seluruh parameter yang diamati. Dengan demikian, penggunaan acidifier pada dosis yang diterapkan belum memengaruhi perkembangan organ saluran pencernaan ayam broiler. Penelitian lebih lanjut dengan variasi dosis, metode fermentasi, atau lama pemberian diperlukan untuk mengevaluasi potensi acidifier alami dalam meningkatkan kesehatan saluran pencernaan ayam broiler. Kata Kunci: acidifier, asam jawa, ayam broiler, kulit nanas, saluran pencernaan EFFECTS OF TAMARIND AND FERMENTED PINEAPPLE PEEL-BASED ACIDIFIERS ON THE RELATIVE SIZE OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT IN BROILER CHICKENS ABSTRACT This Present study investigated to response of the effects of acidifier supplementation derived from fermented tamarind (Tamarindus indica) and pineapple peel (Ananas comosus) on the relative size of digestive organs in broiler chickens. Natural acidifiers have been developed as an alternative to Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs) due to their organic acid content, which may support gastrointestinal health and improve nutrient utilization efficiency. A total of 60 CP 707 broiler chickens were reared for 35 days using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments with three replications. The treatments included P0 (control without acidifier), P1 (tamarind fermented acidifier), P2 (pineapple peel fermented acidifier), and P3 (a combination of tamarind and pineapple peel fermented acidifiers) administered through drinking water. The observed parameters included the relative weight and percentage of the proventriculus, gizzard, and small intestine. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 5% significance level. The results showed that supplementation with fermented tamarind, pineapple peel, and their combination did not significantly affect (P>0.05) all observed parameters. Therefore, the use of fermented tamarind and pineapple peel acidifiers at the applied dosage did not influence the development of digestive organs in broiler chickens. Further studies involving different dosage levels, fermentation methods, and administration periods are required to optimize the potential of natural acidifiers in improving gastrointestinal health and broiler productivity. Keyword: acidifier, broiler chicken, digestive tract, pineapple peel tamarind.
EFEKTIVITAS IMPLEMENTASI BIOSECURITY TERHADAP KEJADIAN CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISAESE AYAM PETELUR DI PETERNAKAN RAKYAT
Choronic Respiratory Disaese (CRD) merupakan salah satu penyakit pernapasan pada ayam petelur yang dapat menurunkan produktivitas dan menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi bagi peternak. Penerapan biosecurity menjadi langkah penting dalam mencegah masuk dan penyebaran agen penyakit di lingkungan peternakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas implementasi biosecurity terhadap kejadian Chronic respiratory Disaese (CRD) pada peternakan rakyat ayam petelur di Kecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang. Materi penelitian berupa 10 peternakan rakyat ayam petelur dengan populasi 1.000 hingga 10.000 ekor. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei melalui observasi lapangan dan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Variabel yang diamati meliputi biosecurity, manajemen pengolaan pakan, dan manajemen kesehatan. Data dianlisis secara kualitatif deskriptif dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil penelitian, menunjukan biosecurity konseptual, 80% peternak memiliki suhu kendang di atas kisaran nyaman serta 100% kandang berjarak <500 meter dari pemukiman. Kelembaban kandang 20% peternak mencatat kelembaban lebih tinggi (71-73%). Pada biosecurity structural, seluruh peternak (100%) tidak memiliki saluran pembuangan limbah. pos jaga tersedia pada 30% peternak, dan mess pegawai tidak ditemukan sama sekali (100%). Tata letak kendang yang sesuai standar hanya dimiliki oleh 50% peternak. Biosecurity operasional, system all in all out tidak diterapkan oleh 90% peternak, serta 30% peternak tidak secara rutin melakukan desinfeksi secara konsisten. Pada aspek manajemen pengolaan pakan, 20% peternak kurang baik. Teknik pemberian pakan 100% peternak kurang baik. Manajemen kesehatan terdapat variasi dalam penggunaan vaksin, antibiotik, dan vitamin. Namun masih terdapat 30% peternak tidak menggunakan antibiotik sama sekali. Disimpulkan bahwa aspek biosecurity struktural dapat di kategorikan sebagai tingkat biosecurity yang paling lemah dan menjadi prioritas utama untuk diperbaiki. Kata Kunci : Ayam petelur, biosecurity, chronic respiratory disaese, mycoplasma gallisepticum, peternakan rakyat Effectiveness of Biosecurity Implementation on the Incidence of Chronic Respiratory Disease in Laying Hens at Small-Scale Farms Abstract This study examined the effectiveness of biosecurity practices in relation to Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) among small-scale laying hen farms in Wajak District, Malang Regency. Ten farms with flock sizes between 1,000 and 10,000 birds were surveyed using field observations and structured interviews. Variables included biosecurity, feed management, and health management, with data analyzed descriptively. Results showed that 80% of farmers maintained coop temperatures above the comfort range, while all coops were located less than 500 meters from residential areas. Humidity levels were high in 20% of farms. Structurally, none had waste disposal channels, only 30% had security posts, and no employee quarters were present. Half of the coop layouts met standards. Operationally, 90% did not apply the “all-in/all-out” system, and 30% failed to disinfect regularly. Feed management was poor, with 20% showing weak practices and all using inadequate feeding techniques. Health management varied, but 30% did not use antibiotics. Structural biosecurity was identified as the weakest aspect and the top priority for improvement. Keywords: Biosecurity, chronic respiratory disease, laying hens, mycoplasma gallisepticum, small-scale poultry farming
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN AIR LERI PADA PROSES FERMENTASI COMPLETE FEED OLEH EM4 TERHADAP PERTAMBAHAN BOBOT BADAN HARIAN, KONSUMSI, DAN KONVERSI PAKAN DOMBA EKOR TIPIS
Air leri, juga disebut air cucian beras, adalah limbah rumah tangga yang dapat digunakan sebagai tambahan untuk pakan ternak. Ini karena mengandung karbohidrat, protein, dan vitamin B kompleks yang baik untuk ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana penambahan air leri memengaruhi fermentasi pakan lengkap oleh EM4 terhadap pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH), konsumsi pakan, dan konversi pakan domba ekor tipis. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 37 hari, terdiri dari 7 hari masa adaptasi dan 30 hari pemeliharaan dan pengambilan data. 12 ekor domba jantan ekor tipis berumur 5-8 bulan dengan bobot awal 16,3-20,3 kg adalah subjek penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan pada masing-masing. Perlakuan P0 adalah fermentasi pakan lengkap dengan EM4 tanpa air leri, perlakuan P1 adalah penambahan air leri 2%, perlakuan P2 adalah penambahan air leri 4%, dan perlakuan P3 adalah penambahan air leri 6%. Data yang didapat dianalisis menggunakan (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan air leri tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P>0,05) terhadap PBBH, konversi pakan, dan konsumsi pakan domba ekor tipis. Rata-rata PBBH adalah 136,67–185,56 g per ekor per hari, konsumsi pakan adalah 761,59–777,78 g per ekor per hari, dan konversi pakan adalah 4,27-6,37 g per ekor per hari. Perlakuan P2 (penambahan air leri 4%) menunjukkan kecenderungan hasil FCR terbaik secara numerik, dengan konversi pakan terendah 4,27. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penambahan air leri pada proses fermentasi complete feed oleh EM4 tidak mempengaruhi perfoma domba ekor tipis, namun taraf penambahan 4% cenderung berpotensi menjadi taraf yang paling efisien untuk diterapkan. Kata Kunci : Air Leri, EM4, Complete Feed, Domba Ekor Tipis, Pertambahan Bobot Badan Harian, Konversi Pakan, Konsumsi Pakan. EFFECT OF RICE WASHING WATER ADDITION DURING EM4-FERMENTED COMPLETE FEED ON AVERAGE DAILY GAIN, FEED INTAKE, AND FEED CONVERSION RATIO OF THIN-TAILED SHEEP Abstract Rice washing water is a household by-product with the potential to be utilized as a feed additive due to its carbohydrate, protein, and B-complex vitamin content, which may support animal performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of rice washing water addition during the fermentation of complete feed using EM4 on average daily gain (ADG), feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of Thin-Tailed sheep. The experiment was conducted at Cahaya Satu Ternak Farm, Gedangan Village, Mojowarno District, Jombang Regency, for 37 days, consisting of a 7-day adaptation period followed by a 30-day feeding and data collection period. The experimental animals consisted of 12 male Thin-Tailed sheep aged 5–8 months with initial body weights ranging from 16.3 to 20.3 kg. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was applied, consisting of four treatments with three replications each: P0 (EM4-fermented complete feed without rice washing water), P1 (2% rice washing water), P2 (4% rice washing water), and P3 (6% rice washing water). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the addition of rice washing water had no significant effect (P>0.05) on average daily gain, feed intake, or feed conversion ratio. The average daily gain ranged from 136.67 to 185.56 g/head/day, feed intake ranged from 761.59 to 777.78 g/head/day, and the feed conversion ratio ranged from 4.27 to 6.37. Although the differences were not statistically significant, treatment P2 (4% rice washing water) produced the lowest FCR value (4.27), indicating a tendency toward better feed utilization efficiency than the other treatments. It can be concluded that the addition of rice washing water during the EM4 fermentation of complete feed did not significantly affect the performance of Thin-Tailed sheep. However, the 4% inclusion level showed the greatest potential as the most efficient treatment. Keywords: Rice Washing Water, EM4, Complete Feed, Thin-Tailed Sheep, Average Daily Gain, Feed Conversion Ratio, Feed Intake.
PENGARUH TINGKAT PENGGANTIAN TEBON JAGUNG DENGAN RUMPUT PAKCHONG TERFERMENTASI ASPERGILLUS NIGER TERHADAP KADAR LEMAK DAN BERAT JENIS SUSU
Tebon jagung serta rumput Pakchong memiliki potensi tinggi sebagai sumber hijauan dalam ransum sapi perah pada masa laktasi, namun aplikasinya kerap terhambat oleh tingginya kadar lignoselulosa yang sukar untuk dicerna. Proses fermentasi yang memanfaatkan Aspergillus niger diyakini mampu menaikkan daya cerna kedua bahan pakan tersebut berkat bantuan aktivitas enzim protease, hemiselulase, dan selulase. Riset ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan mengevaluasi dampak substitusi tebon jagung menggunakan rumput Pakchong hasil fermentasi Aspergillus niger terhadap persentase lemak serta berat jenis susu sapi perah laktasi. Pelaksanaan penelitian berlangsung mulai 20 Mei hingga 20 Juni 2026, bertempat di Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) Gondanglegi dan PT Nestle Indonesia Unit Kejayan, Kabupaten Malang. Objek penelitian ini mengikutsertakan 12 ekor sapi perah laktasi pada periode ke-2, ke-3, dan ke-4. Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) diterapkan sebagai metode eksperimen, yang terbagi ke dalam 4 perlakuan beserta 3 ulangan. Susunan perlakuannya meliputi P0 (100% tebon jagung non-fermentasi), P1 (75% tebon jagung + 25% rumput Pakchong fermentasi), P2 (50% tebon jagung + 50% rumput Pakchong fermentasi), dan P3 (25% tebon jagung + 75% rumput Pakchong fermentasi). Pengolahan data menerapkan analisis ragam (ANOVA), yang akan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) apabila ditemukan pengaruh yang signifikan. Temuan riset mengindikasikan bahwa substitusi tebon jagung dengan rumput Pakchong terfermentasi Aspergillus niger tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P>0,05) terhadap parameter kadar lemak maupun berat jenis susu. Persentase lemak rata-rata pada kelompok P0, P1, P2, dan P3 secara berurutan adalah 4,04%; 3,80%; 4,41%; dan 4,02%. Di sisi lain, nilai rata-rata berat jenis susu tercatat sebesar 1,02752; 1,02889; 1,02637; dan 1,02814 g/ml. Sebagai penutup, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan rumput Pakchong terfermentasi Aspergillus niger sebagai pengganti tebon jagung hingga rasio 75% terbukti aman dan efektif dalam menjaga kualitas fisik susu (kadar lemak 3,18-5,38% dan berat jenis 1,024-1,030 g/ml), yang mana nilai tersebut tetap mematuhi standar mutu nasional untuk susu segar. Kata Kunci : Tebon jagung, Rumput Pakchong, Aspergillus niger, Kadar Lemak Susu, Berat Jenis Susu. THE EFFECT OF CORN STOVER REPLACEMENT LEVEL WITH ASPERGILLUS NIGER-FERMENTED PAKCHONG GRASS ON MILK FAT CONTENT AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY Abstract Corn stover and Pakchong grass hold significant potential as forage sources in the diets of lactating dairy cows; however, their optimal application is frequently limited by high lignocellulose levels which complicate digestion. The implementation of fermentation using Aspergillus niger is anticipated to enhance the digestibility of both forages, driven by the action of cellulase, hemicellulase, and protease enzymes. This research was conducted to evaluate how substituting corn stover with Aspergillus niger-fermented Pakchong grass affects the fat percentage and specific gravity of milk produced by lactating dairy cows. The experiment took place between May 20 and June 20, 2026, at the Gondanglegi Village Unit Cooperative (KUD) and the PT Nestle Indonesia - Kejayan Unit in Malang Regency. Twelve lactating dairy cows in their 2nd, 3rd, and 4th lactation periods were utilized as the research subjects. An experimental approach utilizing a Randomized Block Design (RBD) was implemented, featuring 4 distinct treatments and 3 replications. The applied treatments included P0 (100% unfermented corn stover), P1 (75% corn stover + 25% fermented Pakchong grass), P2 (50% corn stover + 50% fermented Pakchong grass), and P3 (25% corn stover + 75% fermented Pakchong grass). The collected data underwent analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by a Least Significant Difference (LSD) test for any parameters showing significant differences. The findings revealed that replacing corn stover with Aspergillus niger-fermented Pakchong grass did not significantly impact (P>0.05) either the milk fat content or its specific gravity. The mean fat contents recorded for treatments P0, P1, P2, and P3 were 4.04%, 3.80%, 4.41%, and 4.02%, respectively. Concurrently, the average specific gravity of the milk stood at 1.02752, 1.02889, 1.02637, and 1.02814 g/ml. To conclude, incorporating Aspergillus niger-fermented Pakchong grass to replace up to 75% of corn stover is a viable practice that successfully sustains the physical characteristics of the milk (fat content of 3.18-5.38% and specific gravity of 1.024-1.030 g/ml), aligning seamlessly with national quality regulations for fresh milk. Keywords: Corn stover, Pakchong grass, Aspergillus niger, Milk fat content, Milk specific gravity.
IDENTIFIKASI DAN PREVALENSI ENDOPARASIT PADA AYAM KUB DI UPT PEMBIBITAN TERNAK DAN HIJAUAN MAKANAN TERNAK DI MAGETAN
Endoparasit merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat menurunkan produktivitas ayam melalui gangguan kesehatan saluran pencernaan, penurunan penyerapan nutrisi, serta peningkatan kerentanan terhadap penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis endoparasit dan menentukan tingkat prevalensi infeksi pada ayam Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB). Metode penelitian adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan hasil yang disajikan dalam bentuk persentase. Sampel berupa 100 feses ayam KUB dipilih secara simple random sampling dari populasi 201 ekor. Variabel yang diamati adalah jenis endoparasit yang ditemukan pada sampel feses ayam KUB serta prevalensi infeksinya. Identifikasi endoparasit dilakukan menggunakan metode natif dan metode apung (flotation), sedangkan analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan menghitung nilai prevalensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa empat jenis endoparasit berhasil diidentifikasi, yaitu Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria sp., dan Eimeria spp. Dari 100 sampel yang diperiksa ditemukan 31 kejadian infeksi dengan prevalensi total sebesar 15,42%. Sebanyak empat sampel mengalami ko-infeksi sehingga jumlah individu yang benar-benar terinfeksi adalah 27 ekor dengan prevalensi individu sebesar 13,43%. Eimeria spp. memiliki prevalensi tertinggi (7,96%), diikuti Ascaridia galli (3,48%), Heterakis gallinarum (2,99%), dan Capillaria sp. (1,00%). Hasil penelitian ini mengidentifikasi empat jenis endoparasit pada ayam KUB, yaitu Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria sp., dan Eimeria sp. Prevalensi individu sebesar 13,43%, dengan Eimeria sp. sebagai endoparasit dominan. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemeliharaan semi intensif di UPT Pembibitan ternak dan Hijauan Makanan Ternak di Magetan cukup efektif, namun tetap memerlukan biosekuriti, sanitasi, dan pengendalian endoparasit secara berkelanjutan. Kata kunci : Ascaridia galli, Ayam KUB, Endoparasit, Eimeria sp, Prevalensi. IDENTIFICATION AND PREVALENCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOPARASITES IN KAMPUNG UNGGUL BALITBANGTAN (KUB) CHICKENS AT THE LIVESTOCK BREEDING AND FORAGE CENTER OF MAGETAN, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA Abstract Endoparasites are one of the factors that can reduce chicken productivity through digestive tract health disorders, decreased nutrient absorption, and increased susceptibility to disease. This study aims to identify the types of endoparasites and determine the prevalence of infection in chickens in Kampung Unggul IAARD (KUB). The research method is a case study with a descriptive approach and the results are presented in the form of percentages. Samples in the form of 100 feces of KUB chickens were selected by simple random sampling from a population of 201 heads. The observed variables were the type of endoparasite found in KUB chicken feces samples and the prevalence of infection. Endoparasite identification was carried out using native methods and flotation methods, while data analysis was carried out descriptively by calculating prevalence values. The results showed that four types of endoparasites were successfully identified, namely Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria sp., and Eimeria spp. Of the 100 samples examined, 31 incidents of infection were found with a total prevalence of 15.42%. A total of four samples experienced co-infection so that the number of individuals who were actually infected was 27 with an individual prevalence of 13.43%. Eimeria spp. has the highest prevalence (7.96%), followed by Ascaridia galli (3.48%), Heterakis gallinarum (2.99%), and Capillaria sp. (1,00%). The results of this study identified four types of endoparasites in KUB chickens, namely Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria sp., and Eimeria sp. The prevalence of individuals was 13.43%, with Eimeria sp. as the dominant endoparasite. These results show that the semi-intensive maintenance system at the UPT Pembibitan Ternak dan Hijauan Makanan Ternak in Magetan is quite effective, but still requires biosecurity, sanitation, and endoparasite control in a sustainable manner.. Keywords: Ascaridia galli; Endoparasites; Eimeria spp.; KUB chickens; Prevalence.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MINYAK LEMURU DAN TEPUNG KAYU MANIS DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP KUALITAS ALBUMEN TELUR AYAM
Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh minyak lemuru dan tepung kayu manis yang di tambahkan dalam ransum terhadap karakteristik albumen telur ayam. Penelitian menggunakan 27 ekor ayam petelur strain Lohmann Brown Platinum berumur 22 minggu yang susunanya dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial 3 × 3 dengan doble faktor, yaitu level minyak lemuru (0; 1,5; dan 3%) serta level tepung kayu manis (0; 2; dan 4%). Setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali dengan satu ekor ayam sebagai unit percobaan. Pengamatan parameter meliputi tinggi, panjang, dan lebar albumen. Analisa data menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan akan di lanjurkan uji duncan kalau ada yang berbeda nyata. Penelitian menunjukkan hasil bahwa minyak lemuru dapat berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap tinggi albumen, tetapi pengaruhnya tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap panjang dan lebar albumen. Tepung kayu manis dapat berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap parameter keseluruhan yang diamati. Interaksi perlakuan di keduanya juga berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) pada tinggi dan panjang albumen, sedangkan terhadap lebar albumen pengaruhnya tidak nyata (P>0,05). Kombinasi minyak lemuru 1,5% serta tepung kayu manis 4% memberikan hasil tinggi albumen tertinggi sebesar 9,40 mm, sedangkan kombinasi minyak lemuru 3% dan tepung kayu manis 4% menghasilkan panjang albumen tertinggi sebesar 113,89 mm. Rata-rata lebar albumen tertinggi sebesar 73,17 mm diperoleh pada pemberian tepung kayu manis 4%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi minyak lemuru dan tepung kayu manis memberikan respons yang berbeda terhadap karakteristik albumen, dengan pengaruh interaksi yang lebih nyata pada tinggi dan panjang albumen. Kata kunci: albumen; ayam petelur; kualitas telur; minyak lemuru; tepung kayu manis THE EFFECT OF DIETARY LEMURU FISH OIL AND CINNAMON POWDER ON THE ALBUMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF LAYING HEN EGGS Abstract he purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fish oil and cinnamon powder added to the diet on the albumen characteristics of laying hen eggs. The study used 27 Lohmann Brown Platinum laying hens aged 22 weeks and was arranged in a 3 × 3 factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors, namely fish oil levels (0, 1.5, and 3%) and cinnamon powder levels (0, 2, and 4%). Each treatment combination was replicated three times, with one hen serving as the experimental unit. The observed parameters included albumen height, length, and width. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and were followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test when significant differences were found. The results showed that fish oil had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on albumen height, but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on albumen length and width. Cinnamon powder had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on all observed parameters. The interaction between the two treatments also had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on albumen height and length, whereas it had no significant effect (P>0.05) on albumen width. The combination of 1.5% fish oil and 4% cinnamon powder produced the highest albumen height of 9.40 mm, while the combination of 3% fish oil and 4% cinnamon powder produced the greatest albumen length of 113.89 mm. The highest average albumen width of 73.17 mm was obtained from the supplementation of 4% cinnamon powder. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the combination of fish oil and cinnamon powder produced different responses in albumen characteristics, with a more pronounced interaction effect on albumen height and length. Keywords: albumen; cinnamon powder; egg quality; laying hens; lemuru fish oil
ANALISIS EFISIENSI PETERNAKAN AYAM PETELUR DENGAN STRAIN BERBEDA (STUDI KASUS DI PT SUMBER KELAPA BEKY BLITAR)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi usaha, kelayakan ekonomi, serta menentukan strain ayam petelur (Lohmann Brown vs Hy-Line Brown) yang lebih menguntungkan pada sistem kandang closed house. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Mei 2026 di PT Sumber Kelapa Beky, Blitar, Jawa Timur, dengan popilasi ± 48.500 ekor ayam petelur strain Lohmann Brown dan Hy-Line Brown pada uisa 18 dan 49 minggu, menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Analisis data meliputi performa produksi (Feed Conversion Ratio/FCR, Hen Day Production/HDP) dan kelayakan finansial (R/C Ratio, BEP, dan keuntungan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strain Lohmann memiliki efisiensi pakan lebih baik dengan HDP umur 49 minggu sebesar 94,3% dan nilai FCR lebih rendah. Sebaliknya, strain Hy-Line unggul dalam volume produksi telur (38.878,80 kg/bulan), penerimaan (Rp933.091.200/bulan), dan keuntungan (Rp226.424.200/bulan). Analisis finansial menunjukkan kedua strain layak secara ekonomi (R/C Ratio > 1), di mana nilai R/C Ratio Hy-Line (1,32) sedikit lebih tinggi dari Lohmann (1,29). BEP harga untuk Lohmann sebesar Rp1.142/butir dan Hy-Line Rp1.178/butir, dengan BEP produksi berturut-turut 459.471 dan 453.573 butir/bulan. Disimpulkan bahwa kedua strain layak diusahakan pada sistem closed house, namun strain Hy-Line lebih menguntungkan dan efisien secara ekonomi, terutama pada sistem penjualan berbasis berat (kg). Strain Hy-Line direkomendasikan sebagai pilihan utama dengan tetap mengoptimalkan manajemen pakan. Kata Kunci: Ayam Petelur, Closed House, Efisiensi Usaha, Hy-Line Brown, Lohmann Brown. EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF EGG-LAYING HEN FARMING WITH DIFFERENT STRAINS (A CASE STUDY AT PT SUMBER KELAPA BEKY BLITAR) Abstract This study aims to analyze business efficiency and economic feasibility, as well as to determine the more profitable layer hen strain (Lohmann Brown vs. Hy-Line Brown) under a closed-house housing system. The research was conducted in May 2026 at PT Sumber Kelapa Beky, Blitar, East Java, involving population of approximately 48,500 layer hens of the Lohmann Brown and Hy-Line Brown strains aged 18 to 49 weeks, using a case study method with a quantitative descriptive approach. Data analysis encompassed production performance (Feed Conversion Ratio/FCR, Hen Day Production/HDP) and financial feasibility (R/C Ratio, BEP, and profitability). The results indicated that the Lohmann strain achieved better feed efficiency, with a 49-week HDP of 94.3% and a lower FCR value. Conversely, the Hy-Line strain excelled in egg production volume (38,878.80 kg/month), revenue (IDR 933,091,200/month), and profit (IDR 226,424,200/month). Financial analysis revealed that both strains are economically viable (R/C Ratio > 1), with the Hy-Line strain obtaining a slightly higher R/C Ratio (1.32) than the Lohmann strain (1.29). Price BEP for Lohmann was IDR 1,142/egg and for Hy-Line was IDR 1,178/egg, with production BEP reaching 459,471 and 453,573 eggs/month, respectively. In conclusion, both strains are economically feasible for closed-house farming systems; however, the Hy-Line strain is more profitable and economically efficient, particularly in weight-based (kilogram) egg marketing systems. Consequently, the Hy-Line strain is recommended as the primary choice while maintaining optimized feed management. Keywords: Closed House, Business Efficiency, Hy-Line Brown, Layer Hen, Lohmann Brown.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN CSL (CORN STEEP LIQUOR) DAN ASAM AMINO ESENSIAL DALAM AIR MINUM TERHADAP PERSENTASE KARKAS DAN LEMAK ABDOMINAL BROILER FASE FINISHER
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji sejauh mana pemberian Corn Steep Liquor (CSL) bersama asam amino esensial melalui air minum memengaruhi persentase karkas serta lemak abdominal broiler pada fase finisher. Kegiatan penelitian berlangsung di Luqman Farm, Probolinggo, dengan memanfaatkan 80 ekor broiler strain Lohman berumur 22 hari yang dipelihara sampai fase finisher. Larutan induk disiapkan dengan menggabungkan 1 liter CSL, 100 g metionin, serta 200 g lisin. Rancangan yang dipakai adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan empat ulangan, meliputi P0 sebagai kontrol, P1 (CSL + asam amino esensial 4%), P2 (CSL + asam amino esensial 5%), dan P3 (CSL + asam amino esensial 6%). Seluruh data diolah dengan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan bila terdapat pengaruh diteruskan menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Temuan penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kombinasi CSL dan asam amino esensial berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) pada persentase karkas serta berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) pada persentase lemak abdominal broiler fase finisher. Nilai karkas paling tinggi tercatat pada P0 yakni 75%a, sementara P1 mencapai 74%ab dan secara statistik tidak berbeda dari kontrol. Adapun lemak abdominal turun bertahap dari 2,5%a di P0 hingga 1,9%b di P3. Berdasarkan hal itu, pemberian CSL + asam amino esensial 4% melalui air minum dianjurkan sebab dapat menjaga persentase karkas sekaligus menekan lemak abdominal. Kata Kunci : Corn Steep Liquor, asam amino esensial, broiler, karkas, lemak abdominal. THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF CSL (CORN STEEP LIQUOR) AND ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS IN DRINKING WATER ON THE PERCENTAGE OF CARCASS AND ABDOMINAL FAT OF FINISHER PHASE BROILERS Abstract. This study aims to analyze the effect of using Corn Steep Liquor (CSL) and essential amino acids in drinking water on the percentage of carcass and abdominal fat of broilers in the finisher phase. The study was conducted at Luqman Farm, Probolinggo using 80 22-day-old Lohman strain broilers raised until the finisher phase. The stock solution was made by mixing 1 liter of CSL, 100 g of methionine, and 200 g of lysine. Furthermore, the experimental method employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and four replications, namely P0 (control), P1 (CSL + 4% essential amino acids), P2 (CSL + 5% essential amino acids), and P3 (CSL + 6% essential amino acids). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test if there was an effect. The results showed that the use of CSL and essential amino acids had a significant effect (P<0.05) on carcass percentage and a very significant effect (P<0.01) on abdominal fat percentage of broilers in the finisher phase. The highest carcass percentage was obtained at P0 at 75% a, while P1 produced a carcass percentage of 74% ab and was not significantly different from the control. The abdominal fat percentage decreased gradually from 2.5% a at P0 to 1.9% b at P3. Thus, the use of CSL + 4% essential amino acids in drinking water is recommended because it is able to maintain carcass percentage while reducing abdominal fat percentage. Keywords: Corn Steep Liquor, essential amino acids, broiler, carcass, abdominal fat.
PENGARUH MARINASI DAGING AYAM LAYER AFKIR DENGAN SARI BONGGOL NANAS TERHADAP DAYA IKAT AIR DAN ORGANOLEPTIK ABON
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh marinasi daging ayam layer afkir dengan sari bonggol nanas terhadap daya ikat air dan organoleptik abon. Metode yang digunakan metode eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap, 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Perlakuan berupa perbedaan konsentrasi sari bonggol nanas sebagai bahan marinasi terdiri atas P0 (0%), P1 (25%), P2 (30%), P3 (35%) selama 30 menit. Variabel yang diamati meliputi daya ikat air dan uji organoleptik. Data dianalisis menggunakan One-Way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa marinasi daging ayam layer afkir menggunakan sari bonggol nanas berpengaruh nyata (P<0,01) terhadap daya ikat air, warna, dan rasa. Nilai daya ikat air P0 = 54,01%ab, P1 = 59,45%b, P2 = 49, 17%a, P3 = 46,46%a. Nilai warna abon P0 = 4,00c, P1 = 3,00b, P2 = 3,00b, P3 = 2,00a. Nilai rasa abon P0 = 2,00a, P1 = 4,00b, P2 = 4,00ab, P3 = 4,00b. Marinasi menggunakan sari bonggol nanas berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap tingkat kesukaan pada abon, nilai P0 = 2,00a, P1 = 4,00b, P2 = 3,00b, P3 = 4,00b. Marinasi daging ayam layer afkir menggunakan sari bonggol nanas tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap aroma dan tekstur abon. Nilai aroma abon P0 = 3,00, P1 = 3,00, P2 = 3,00, P3 = 4,00. Nilai tekstur abon P0 = 1,00, P1 = 3,00, P2 = 3,00, P3 = 3,00. Disimpulkan bahwa marinasi daging ayam layer afkir dengan sari bonggol nanas konsentrasi 25% selama 30 menit merupakan perlakuan terbaik. Kata kunci: ayam layer afkir, abon, bromelin, daya ikat air, organoleptik, sari bonggol nanas THE EFFECT OF MARINATION OF REFUSED LAYER CHICKEN MEAT WITH PINEAPPLE CORN JUICE ON THE WATER BINDING CAPACITY AND ORGANOLEPTIK OF FLOURED CHICKEN MEAT Abstract This study aimed to analyze the effect of marinating meat from culled laying hens with pineapple core juice on the water-holding capacity and organoleptic properties of meat floss (*abon*). An experimental method was employed using a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The treatments involved varying concentrations of pineapple core juice as the marinating agent: P0 (0%), P1 (25%), P2 (30%), and P3 (35%), applied for 30 minutes. The observed variables included water-holding capacity and organoleptic characteristics. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA, followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD). The results indicated that marinating meat from culled laying hens with pineapple core juice had a significant effect (P<0.01) on water-holding capacity, color, and taste. Water-holding capacity values were: P0 = 54.01%ab, P1 = 59.45%b, P2 = 49.17%a, and P3 = 46.46%a. Color scores were: P0 = 4.00c, P1 = 3.00b, P2 = 3.00b, and P3 = 2.00a. Taste scores were: P0 = 2.00a, P1 = 4.00b, P2 = 4.00ab, and P3 = 4.00b. Marination with pineapple core juice significantly affected (P<0.05) the level of preference for the meat floss, with scores of: P0 = 2.00a, P1 = 4.00b, P2 = 3.00b, and P3 = 4.00b. Marinating the meat with pineapple core juice did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on the aroma and texture of the meat floss. Aroma scores were: P0 = 3.00, P1 = 3.00, P2 = 3.00, and P3 = 4.00. The texture scores for the meat floss were P0 = 1.00, P1 = 3.00, P2 = 3.00, and P3 = 3.00. It is concluded that marinating meat from culled laying hens in a 25% concentration of pineapple core extract for 30 minutes was the best treatment. Keyword: spent layer chicken, abon, bromelain, water holding capacity, organoleptic, pineapple core extract.
KINERJA USAHA DOMBA LOKAL STUDI KASUS DI DESA KARANGSARI KECAMATAN SEMPU KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik peternak, manajemen pemeliharaan, serta kinerja usaha ternak domba lokal di Desa Karangsari, Kecamatan Sempu, Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2026 dengan metode studi kasus dan teknik sensus terhadap 23 peternak dengan jumlah kepemilikan ternak rata-rata 10 sampai dengan 15 ternak domba lokal sebagai responden. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara menggunakan kuisioner kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif melalui analisis penerimaan, biaya produksi, pendapatan, efisiensi usaha menggunakan R/C Ratio dan B/C Ratio, dan faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kinerja usaha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peternak didominasi oleh usia produktif, pendidikan terkahir SMA, pengalaman beternak 2-5 tahun, dan kepemilikan ternak rata-rata 14-15 ekor. Manajemen pemeliharaan yang diterpakan tergolong baik, dengan sistem pemeliharaan intensif, pemberian pakan dua kali sehari, serta kinerja reproduksi yang cukup baik. Rata-rata total penerimaan usaha mencapai Rp13.560.870 per tahun, total biaya produksi sebesar Rp8.599.935 per tahun, sehingga diperoleh pendapatan rata-rata Rp4.960.935 per tahun. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa usaha ternak domba lokal masih memberkan keuntungan dan memiliki propek untuk terus dikembangkan melalui peningkatan produktivitas ternak serta efisiensi penggunaan faktor produksi. Hasil nilai B/C Ratio lebih dari 0 menunjukkan usaha layak untuk dikembangkan, hasil R/C Ratio lebih dari 1 menunjukkan bahwa usaha menguntungkan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usaha ternak domba lokal di Desa Karangsari memiliki kinerja usaha cukup baik dan masih layak dijalankan. Kata Kunci : domba lokal, kinerja usaha, pendapatan, efisiensi usaha, peternak. BUSINESS PERFOMANCE OF LOCAL SHEEP FARMING A CASE STUDY IN KARANGSARI VILLAGE SEMPU DISTRICT, BANYUWANGI REGENCY Abstract This study aims to analyze the characteristics of farmers, husbandry management, and the performance of local sheep farming businesses in Karangsari Village, Sempu District, Banyuwangi Regency. Conducted in June 2026 using a case study method and a census approach, the study surveyed 23 farmers—each owning an average of 10 to 15 local sheep—as respondents. Data were collected through observation and questionnaire-based interviews, then analyzed using quantitative descriptive methods covering revenue, production costs, income, business efficiency (via R/C and B/C ratios), and factors influencing business performance. The results indicate that the farmers were predominantly of productive age, held a high school education, had 2–5 years of farming experience, and owned an average of 14–15 sheep. Husbandry management practices were rated as good, featuring an intensive rearing system, twice-daily feeding, and satisfactory reproductive performance. The average annual business revenue reached Rp13,560,870, with total production costs of Rp8,599,935, resulting in an average annual income of Rp4,960,935. Analysis shows that the local sheep farming business remains profitable and holds prospects for further development through increased livestock productivity and more efficient use of production factors. A B/C ratio greater than 0 indicates the business is viable for development, while an R/C ratio greater than 1 indicates profitability. In conclusion, local sheep farming in Karangsari Village demonstrates satisfactory business performance and remains a viable enterprise. Keywords: business performance, income, local sheep, business efficiency, farmers.
PENGARUH SISTEM VENTILASI KANDANG TERHADAP PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI PULLET STRAIN LOHMANN DI KANDANG KOPERASI COMFEED MAKMUR
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak berbagai sistem sirkulasi udara di dalam kandang terhadap kualitas lingkungan mikro dan produktivitas ayam dara (pullet) galur Lohmann, sekaligus menentukan sistem mana yang paling unggul. Kegiatan riset dilaksanakan di Koperasi Comfeed Makmur, Jawa Timur, dengan subjek ayam pullet berusia 5 hingga 12 minggu. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah observasional kuantitatif dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang mencakup tiga perlakuan, yakni Sistem Ventilasi Terbuka (P1), Terowongan (P2), dan Kombinasi (P3), masing-masing diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Variabel yang diukur mencakup suhu, kelembaban relatif, laju aliran udara, kadar amonia (NH₃), bobot badan, keseragaman populasi, konsumsi pakan, rasio konversi pakan (FCR), serta angka kematian. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis ventilasi memberikan pengaruh yang sangat signifikan (P<0,01) terhadap suhu, kelembaban relatif, kecepatan angin, kadar amonia, dan FCR, serta berpengaruh signifikan (P<0,05) terhadap bobot badan. Sementara itu, variabel keseragaman, konsumsi pakan, dan mortalitas tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang berarti (P>0,05). Dari ketiga sistem, Ventilasi Kombinasi terbukti menghasilkan kondisi mikroklimat paling ideal, dengan rata-rata suhu 23,52°C, kelembaban 72,00%, kecepatan udara 1,80 m/detik, dan kadar amonia 4,11 ppm. Sistem ini juga menghasilkan bobot badan tertinggi (1.142,33 g/ekor) dan nilai FCR terbaik (3,03). Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ventilasi Kombinasi lebih efektif dalam menciptakan lingkungan kandang yang optimal sekaligus meningkatkan performa produksi ayam pullet Lohmann dibandingkan kedua sistem lainnya. Kata Kunci : Ayam Pullet, Sistem Ventilasi, Mikroklimat, Penampilan Produksi, Lohmann. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT HOUSING VENTILATION SYSTEMS ON THE PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF LOHMANN PULLETS AT COMFEED MAKMUR COOPERATIVE FARM ABSTRACT This research was conducted to assess the influence of various barn ventilation systems on both the microclimate conditions and the productive performance of Lohmann pullets, and to pinpoint the most efficient system. The study took place at the Comfeed Makmur Cooperative in East Java, involving pullets aged between 5 and 12 weeks. Employing a quantitative observational design, the study utilized a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) featuring three treatment groups: Open Ventilation (P1), Tunnel Ventilation (P2), and Combination Ventilation (P3), each replicated three times. Parameters assessed included temperature, relative humidity, airspeed, ammonia (NH₃) levels, body weight, flock uniformity, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and mortality rate. Data processing was performed using ANOVA, followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) post-hoc test at a 5% significance threshold. The findings revealed that the ventilation type had a highly significant impact (P < 0.01) on temperature, humidity, air velocity, ammonia concentration, and FCR, and a significant effect (P < 0.05) on body weight. In contrast, uniformity, feed consumption, and mortality rates were not statistically different across treatments (P > 0.05). Among the treatments, the Combination Ventilation system delivered the most favorable microclimate, recording an average temperature of 23.52°C, relative humidity of 72.00%, air velocity of 1.80 m/s, and ammonia level of 4.11 ppm. Furthermore, this system yielded the highest body weight (1,142.33 g/bird) and the most efficient FCR (3.03). Consequently, Combination Ventilation proved to be more effective than both Open and Tunnel systems in fostering an optimal barn environment and enhancing the overall production performance of Lohmann pullets. Keywords: Lohmann pullets, housing ventilation system, microclimate, production performance..
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN DEDAK RUMPUT LAUT ORGANIK TERHADAP INCOME OVER FEED COST (IOFC) DAN NILAI EKONOMIS PAKAN AYAM PETELUR
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai efektivitas pengguaan dedak rumput laut organic sebagai pengganti Sebagian dedak komersial dalam ransum ayam petelur berdasarkan parameter Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC) dan nilai ekonomis pakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancang Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan yaitu dedak rumput laut organik sebesar P0 (0%), P1 (5%), P2 (10%), P3 (15%) masing-masing terdiri atas 4 ulangan. Variable yang diamati meliputi IOFC dan Nilai Ekonomis Pakan. Data dianalisis menggunakan (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan apabila terdapat perbedaan nyata. Hasil peelitian menunjjukan bahwa penggunaan dedak rumput laut organik berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap IOFC dan nilai ekonomis pakan. Perlakuan P2 (10%) menghasilkan nilai IOFC tertinggi Rp10.068,50, serta nilai ekonomis pakan terendah sebesar Rp15.931,75/kg telur, yang menunjukkan efisiensi ekonomi disbandingkan perlakuan lainnya, sebaliknya penggunaan dedak rumput laut sebanyak 15% menurunkan efisiensi ekonomi dengan nilai IOFC terrendah serta biaya pakan per kilo gram telur terlalu tinggi. Dengan demikian penggunaan dedak rumput laut organik sebanyak 10% dalam ansum dapat direkomendasikan sebagai bahan pakan alternatif yang mampu meningkatkan efisiensi ekonomi usaha peternakan ras ayam petelur. Kata Kunci: Rumput Laut organic, Ayam Ras Petelur, Income Over Feed Cost, Nilai Ekonomis Pakan ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF ORGANIC SEAWEED BRAN INCLUSION IN DIETSOF LAYING HENS BASED ON INCOME OVER FEED COST AND FEED COST PER KILOGRAM OF EGG PRODUCTION Abstract This experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of organic seaweed bran as a partial substitute for rice brab in layer diets on Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC), and Feed Economic Value. A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed with four dietary treatments consisting of (P0) 0%, (P1) 5%, (P2) 10%, (P3) 15% organic seaweed bran inclusion levels, each with four replications. The observed variabels were IOFC and Feed cost per kilogram of egg produced. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test when significant differences were detected. The results demonstrated that dietary inclusion of organic seaweed bran significantly affected (P<0,05) both IOFC and feed economic value The P2 treatment (10% organic seaweed bran) produced the highest IOFC (IDR 10,068.50) and the lowest feed cost per kilogram of eggs (IDR 15,931.75). indicating the best economic efficiency among all treatments in contrast, the 15% inclusion level reduced economic efficiency, as indicated by the lowest IOFC and highest feed cost per kilogram of eggs. Therefore incorporating 10% organic seaweed bran into layers diet can be recommended as an alternative feed ingredient to improve the economic efficiency of commercial layer productions. Keywords: organic seaweed bran, laying hens, Income Over Feed Cost, feed economic value, economic efficiency
PENGARUH LAMA SIMPAN TERHADAP KUALITAS PROBIOTIK LACTOBACILLUS SALIVARIUS TERENKAPSULASI ARABINOXILAN BERDASARKAN ORGANOLEPTIK, pH, DAN WATER ACTIVITY
Penelitian ini didorong oleh urgensi untuk menekan laju degradasi viabilitas pada probiotik cair, sekaligus meminimalisasi penggunaan Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP) pada formulasi pakan unggas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh lama simpan terhadap kualitas probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius terenkapsulasi arabinoxilan berdasarkan evaluasi organoleptik, nilai pH (potential hydrogen), dan water activity (AW). Metode eksperimen digunakan dengan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 5 perlakuan waktu simpan (0, 2, 4, 6, dan 8 minggu) dengan 5 ulangan. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, durasi penyimpanan berdampak sangat signifikan (P<0,01) pada fluktuasi warna, reduksi pH, maupun lonjakan nilai AW. Di samping itu, parameter daya gumpal produk juga terpengaruh secara nyata (P<0,05). Namun, lama simpan tidak memengaruhi secara nyata (P>0,05) parameter aroma (bau) dan tekstur. Seiring bertambahnya waktu penyimpanan, warna probiotik berubah menjadi putih kecokelatan, nilai pH menurun secara signifikan dari 5,45 menjadi 4,14 pada minggu ke-8, dan nilai AW meningkat dari 0,89 menjadi 0,946. Disimpulkan bahwa matriks arabinoxilan potensial digunakan sebagai enkapsulan untuk mempertahankan struktur fisik dan melindungi viabilitas Lactobacillus salivarius selama penyimpanan, meskipun terjadi dinamika aktivitas metabolisme sisa yang terindikasi dari perubahan profil fisikokimianya. Kata Kunci : arabinoxilan, enkapsulasi, Lactobacillus salivarius, lama simpan, probiotik. EFFECT OF STORAGE TIME ON THE QUALITY OF ARABINOXYLAN-ENCAPSULATED LACTOBACILLUS SALIVARIUS PROBIOTIC BASED ON ORGANOLEPTIC, pH, AND WATER ACTIVITY Abstract This research was driven by the urgent need to curb the rate of viability loss in liquid probiotics while simultaneously minimizing the use of Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs) in poultry feed formulations. This study aimed to analyze the effect of storage time on the quality of arabinoxylan-encapsulated Lactobacillus salivarius probiotic based on organoleptic evaluation, potential hydrogen (pH), and water activity (AW). This research applied a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) encompassing five variations of storage duration (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks), with each treatment replicated five times. Based on the obtained data, storage duration had a highly significant impact (P<0.01) on color fluctuations, pH reduction, and the rise in AW values. Additionally, the product's coagulation capacity was also significantly affected (P<0.05).. However, storage time did not significantly affect (P>0.05) aroma (odor) and texture parameters. As storage time increased, the color of the probiotic changed to brownish-white, the pH value significantly decreased from 5.45 to 4.14 at week 8, and the AW value increased from 0.89 to 0.946. In conclusion, the arabinoxylan matrix has strong potential as an encapsulant to maintain physical structure and protect the viability of Lactobacillus salivarius during storage, although residual metabolic activity dynamics occurred as indicated by changes in its physicochemical profile.. Keywords: arabinoxylan, encapsulation, Lactobacillus salivarius, probiotic, storage time.
PERBANDINGAN KARAKTER FENOTIPE KUANTITATIF SERTA HUBUNGAN UKURAN TUBUH DENGAN BOBOT BADAN PADA INDUK CROSS DORPER DAN CROSS TEXEL
Riset yang telah dilakukan memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan karakter fenotipe kuantitatif yang meliputi bobot badan, panjang badan, tinggi badan, lingkar dada, dan lebar pinggul, serta mengetahui hubungan ukuran-ukuran tubuh tersebut dengan bobot badan pada induk domba Cross Dorper dan Cross Texel. Penelitian ini menggunakan 40 ekor induk domba berumur poel satu (memiliki sepasang gigi seri permanen), yang terdiri atas 20 ekor induk Cross Dorper dan 20 ekor induk Cross Texel. Uji-t sampel independen, analisis korelasi Pearson, dan regresi linier sederhana Adalah analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa induk Cross Dorper memiliki rataan bobot badan, lingkar dada, panjang badan, tinggi badan, dan lebar pinggul masing-masing sebesar 34,02 kg; 82,82 cm; 56,08 cm; 62,29 cm; dan 20,83 cm, sedangkan pada induk Cross Texel masing-masing sebesar 31,08 kg; 79,53 cm; 45,68 cm; 61,02 cm; dan 19,03 cm. Seluruh parameter fenotipe kuantitatif berbeda nyata antara kedua kelompok domba (P < 0,05), dengan peningkatan ukuran tubuh pada Cross Dorper dibandingkan Cross Texel berkisar antara 2,08–22,77%. Pada induk Cross Dorper, seluruh ukuran tubuh memiliki hubungan positif, sangat kuat, dan signifikan dengan bobot badan, dengan nilai koefisien korelasi berkisar antara 0,802–0,906 dan koefisien determinasi sebesar 64,25–82,06%. Lingkar dada merupakan parameter terbaik dalam menduga bobot badan Cross Dorper dengan persamaan regresi Y = 1,1115X − 58,054 dan R² = 0,8206. Pada induk Cross Texel, hubungan ukuran tubuh dengan bobot badan berada pada kategori sedang dengan nilai koefisien korelasi berkisar antara 0,429–0,580 dan koefisien determinasi sebesar 18,39–33,57%. Tinggi badan merupakan parameter terbaik dalam menduga bobot badan Cross Texel dengan persamaan regresi Y = 0,8594X − 21,055 dan R² = 0,3357, sedangkan hubungan lebar pinggul dengan bobot badan tidak signifikan (P > 0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa induk Cross Dorper memiliki rataan karakter fenotipe kuantitatif yang lebih tinggi daripada induk Cross Texel. Lingkar dada merupakan penduga tunggal terbaik terhadap bobot badan Cross Dorper. Pada Cross Texel, tinggi badan merupakan penduga tunggal terbaik. Kata kunci: bobot badan, Cross Dorper, Cross Texel, fenotipe kuantitatif, ukuran tubuh.
PENGARUH MARINASI DAGING AYAM LAYER AFKIR DENGAN SARI BONGGOL NANAS TERHADAP KADAR AIR DAN SUSUT MASAK ABON
Penelitian ini dimaksudkan guna menganalisis pengaruh marinasi daging ayam layer afkir dengan sari bonggol nanas terhadap kadar air dan susut masak abon. Materi yang digunakan yaitu daging ayam layer afkir pada bagian paha dan dada serta sari bonggol nanas cayenne. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap, ada 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Perlakuan menggunakan sari bonggol nanas dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda terdiri dari P0 (0%), P1 (25%), P2 (30%), dan P3 (35%). Variabel yang diamati kadar air dan susut masak abon. Data diuji dengan One-Way ANOVA dan uji BNT - SPSS. Hasil pengujian menunjukan perlakuan marinasi daging ayam layer afkir dengan sari bonggol nanas memberikan hasil yang sangat signifikan (P<0,01) pada kadar air dan susut masak abon. Rata-rata nilai kadar air P0 (3,63%c), P1 (1,97%d), P2 (13,53%b), P3 (16,60%a). Rata-rata nilai susut masak P0 (48,66%c), P1 (56,84%a), P2 (52,5%b), P3 (46,84%d). Kesimpulan hasil penelitian bahwa marinasi dengan sari bonggol nanas dapat mempengaruhi kadar air dan susut masak abon. Marinasi daging ayam layer afkir dengan konsentrasi sari bonggol nanas 25% selama 30 menit menghasilkan kadar air 1,97% dan susut masak 56,84%. Kata Kunci: ayam layer afkir, sari bonggol nanas, bromelin, kadar air, susut masak, abon. THE EFFECT OF MARINATION OF REFUSED LAYER CHICKEN MEAT WITH PINEAPPLE CORN JUICE ON THE WATER CONTENT AND COOKING LOSS OF FLOURED CHICKEN MEAT Abstract This study aimed to analyze the effect of marinating meat from culled layer hens with cayenne pineapple core juice on the moisture content and cooking loss of meat floss (*abon*). The materials used were thigh and breast meat from culled layer hens and cayenne pineapple core juice. An experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed, involving four treatments and six replicates. The treatments utilized varying concentrations of pineapple core juice: P0 (0%), P1 (25%), P2 (30%), and P3 (35%). The variabels observed were moisture content and cooking loss. The data were analyzed using One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) tes via SPSS. The results indicate that marinating the meat with pineapple core juice had a highly significant effect (P < 0.01) on both moisture content and cooking loss. Average moisture content values P0 (3.63%ᶜ), P1 (1.97%ᵈ), P2 (13.53%ᵇ), P3 (16.60%ᵃ). Average cooking loss values P0 (48.66%ᶜ), P1 (56.84%ᵃ), P2 (52.50%ᵇ), P3 (46.84%ᵈ). The study concluded that marinating with pineapple core extract affects the moisture content and cooking loss of *abon* (meat floss). Marinating meat from culled laying hens in a 25% pineapple core extract solution for 30 minutes resulted in a moisture content of 1.97% and a cooking loss of 56.84%. Keyword: spent layer chicken, pineapple core extract, bromelain, water content, cooking loss, abon.
EFEKTIFITAS TEAT DIPPING DARI LARUTAN ANTISEPTIK DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) PRODUKSI AMMO- TECH TERHADAP PH DAN PRODUKSI SUSU SAPI PFH TERINDIKASI MASTITIS SUBKLINIS
Tujuan melakukan riset ini untuk menganalisis evaluasi pemberian cairan antiseptik alami berbahan dasar ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) terhadap kejadian mastitis subklinis sapi Peranakan FH (Friesian Holstein). Penelitian ini menggunakan materi adalah sapi PFH laktasi 3-5 bulan sebanyak 12 ekor,dalam masa periode laktasi 1, yang terindikasi terjangkit penyakit mastitis subklinis. Metode yang dikenakan pada riset ini adalah eksperimental dengan RAL Rancangan Acak Lengkap, yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian ini adalah teat dipping P0 : Povidene iodin 1%, P1 ; larutan antiseptik daun kelor subtitusi 15%, P2 : larutan antiseptik daun kelorsubtitusi 30%, P3 : larutan antiseptik daun kelor subtitusi 45%. Analisa data menggunakan uji Analysis of Variance ANOVA, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) jika terdapat pengaruh pada variabel. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian teat dipping daun kelor tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap nilai pH, rataan nilai pH P0 = 6,73 ; P1 = 6,74 ; P2 = 6,77 ; P3 = 6,78. Nilai tersebut masih berada pada kisaran pH susu sapi segar normal, sehingga menginterpretasikan bahwa penggunaan antiseptik larutan antiseptik daun kelor tidak merubah kualitas kimia susu. Sedangkan hasil pemberian teat dipping larutan antiseptik daun kelor berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap produksi susu harian sapi PFH yaitu P0 = 12,85 ± 9,11 liter ; P1 = 11,85 ± 8,11 liter ; P2 = 18,74 ± 15 liter ; P3 = 12,63 ± 8,89 liter. Produksi susu tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan P2 (30%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penggunaan larutan antiseptik daun kelor konsentrasi 30% berpotensi digunakan sebagai antiseptik teat dipping alami sebagai pencegah terjangkitnya mastitis subklinis pada sapi perah PFH. Kata Kunci : mastitis subklinis, sapi PFH, pH, produksi susu, daun kelor, teat dipping EFFECTIVENESS OF TEAT DIPPING WITH MORINGA (Moringa oleifera) LEAF DECOCTION PRODUCED BY AMMO-TECH ON PH AND MILK PRODUCTION OF PFH COWS WITH SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS Abstract This study aimed to analyze the effect of applying a natural antiseptik based on Moringa oleifera leaves on the incidence of subclinical mastitis in Crossbred Friesian Holstein (PFH) cows the subject were 12 PFH cows in their first lactation period 3-5 month into lactation diagnosed with subclinical mastitis. An experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed, comprising four treatments and three replicates. The treatment involed teat dipping with the following antiseptik (1% Povidone-iodine), P1 (15% moringa leaf decoction), P2 (30% moringa leaf decoction), and P3 (45% moringa leaf decoction). Data where analyzed using Analysis of Variance ANOVA; if significant differnces were found, the Least Significant Differences (LSD) test was applied. The result showed that moringa leaf teat dipping had no significant effect (P>0,05) on pH values; the mean pH values were P0 = 6.73, P1 = 6.74, P2 = 6.77, and P3 = 6.78. These pH values remained within the normal range for fresh ,ilk, indicating that use the natural antiseptec moringa oleifera did not alter the chemical quality of the milk. However, the teat dipping treatments had a significant effect (P<0.05) on daily milk production; the mean daily milk production values were P0 = 12.85 ± 9.11 L, P1 = 11.85 ± 8.11 L, P2 = 18.74 ± 15 L, and P3 = 12.63 ± 8.89 L. The study concludes that a 30% concentration of moringa leaf extract has the potential to serve as a natural teat-dipping antiseptik to help control subclinical mastitis in Crossbred Friesian Holstein dairy cows. Keywords: mastitis subclinical, Friesian Holstein, pH, milk production, moringa oleifera, teat dipping.