PERBANDINGAN INDEKS DAN VOLUME TUBUH INDUK SAPI MADURA GRADE 1 DAN 2

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan indeks tubuh dan volume tubuh induk sapi Madura grade 1 dan grade 2 di wilayah sumber bibit Kecamatan Waru, Kabupaten Pamekasan, Madura, Jawa Timur. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel sebanyak 32 ekor induk sapi Madura, yang terdiri atas 16 ekor grade 1 dan 16 ekor grade 2. Sampel dipilih secara purposive sampling dengan kriteria berumur >24–72 bulan, sehat, tidak cacat, pernah beranak minimal satu kali, dan tidak sedang bunting. Data primer diperoleh melalui pengukuran tinggi pundak, panjang badan, dan lingkar dada. Indeks tubuh dihitung dari perbandingan panjang badan terhadap tinggi pundak dikalikan 100, sedangkan volume tubuh diestimasi berdasarkan panjang badan dan lingkar dada dengan pendekatan bentuk silinder. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial dengan bantuan Microsoft Excel dan SPSS. Rataan indeks tubuh grade 1 dan grade 2 masing-masing sebesar 101,42 ± 0,94 dan 101,41 ± 1,34, tanpa perbedaan nyata berdasarkan uji Mann–Whitney (P = 0,485). Rataan estimasi volume tubuh grade 1 sebesar 322.636,34 ± 14.986,67 cm³, sedangkan grade 2 sebesar 281.311,08 ± 17.219,25 cm³. Hasil uji t dua sampel independen menunjukkan estimasi volume tubuh grade 1 lebih tinggi secara sangat nyata daripada grade 2 (t = 7,241; df = 30; P < 0,001), dengan selisih 41.325,26 cm³ atau 14,69% dari rataan grade 2. Seluruh variabel memiliki koefisien keragaman di bawah 10%, yang menunjukkan rendahnya variasi relatif dalam masing-masing kelompok. Disimpulkan bahwa indeks tubuh induk sapi Madura grade 1 dan grade 2 tidak berbeda nyata, sedangkan estimasi volume tubuh grade 1 lebih tinggi. Estimasi volume tubuh dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai parameter pendukung penilaian ukuran tubuh dalam grading.

Kata Kunci: Induk Sapi Madura, Indeks Tubuh, Volume Tubuh, Morfometrik, Grade.

COMPARISON OF BODY INDEX AND BODY VOLUME BETWEEN GRADE 1 AND GRADE 2 MADURA COWS

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the body index and estimated body volume of grade 1 and grade 2 Madura cows in the breeding stock production area of Waru District, Pamekasan Regency, Madura, East Java, Indonesia. A quantitative approach was used, involving 32 Madura cows comprising 16 grade 1 and 16 grade 2 cows. The animals were selected through purposive sampling based on the following criteria: older than 24 months and up to 72 months of age, healthy, free from physical defects, having calved at least once, and not pregnant. Primary data were obtained by measuring withers height, body length, and chest girth. Body index was calculated as the ratio of body length to withers height multiplied by 100, while body volume was estimated from body length and chest girth using a cylindrical approximation. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The mean body indices of grade 1 and grade 2 cows were 101.42 ± 0.94 and 101.41 ± 1.34, respectively, with no significant difference according to the Mann–Whitney U test (P = 0.485). The mean estimated body volume was 322,636.34 ± 14,986.67 cm³ for grade 1 cows and 281,311.08 ± 17,219.25 cm³ for grade 2 cows. An independent-samples t-test showed that estimated body volume was significantly higher in grade 1 cows (t = 7.241; df = 30; P < 0.001), with a difference of 41,325.26 cm³, equivalent to 14.69% of the grade 2 mean. All variables had coefficients of variation below 10%, indicating low relative variability within each group. In conclusion, body index did not differ significantly between grade 1 and grade 2 Madura cows, whereas estimated body volume was higher in grade 1 cows. Estimated body volume may serve as a supplementary measure of body size in grading.

Keywords: Madura Cows, Body Index, Body Volume, Morphometrics, Grading.