EFISIENSI PEMANFAATAN PAKAN SELF-MIXED PADA PRODUKSI AYAM PETELUR DIKECAMATAN WAJAK KABUPATEN MALANG

Abstract

Manajemen pakan merupakan faktor kunci keberhasilan usaha ayam peternakan ayam petelur karena memakan biaya sekitar 60-70% dari total operasional. Penerapan pakan self-mixed menjadi alternatif strategis peternak di kecamatan Wajak unutk menekan biaya produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis tingkat efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan self-mixed ditinjau dari aspek teknis maupun ekonomis pada produksi ayam petelur dikecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari 10 Juni hingga 15 Agustus 2026 menggunakan metode survei deskriftif kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling 11 responden dengan kriteria populasi minimal 1000 ekor, menggunakan pakan self-mixed, dan memiliki recording aktif. Parameter yang diamati meliputi biaya pakan, produksi telur (Hen Day Production/HDP), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC), dan efisiensi pakan (%). Hasil penelitian menunjukan harga pakan self-mixed berkisar Rp.6.000-Rp.6.500/kg dengan pencapaian HDP pada puncak produksi sebesar 90-95%. Rata-rata nilai FCR sebesar 2,15, tingkat efisiensi pakan per 1000 ekor bernilai rata-rata 44,91%, serta nilai IOFC bernilai positif pada seluruh peternak. Disimpulkan bahwa pakan self-mixed efisien secara teknis dan ekonomis dalam menekan biaya operasional tanpa menurunkan produktivitas telur selama kecukupan nutrisi dan homogenitas adonan dijaga konsinsten.

Kata Kunci : Ayam petelur, Efisiensi pakan, FCR, IOFC, Pakan self-mixed.

Efficiency of Self-Mixed Feed Utilization in Laying Hen

Production in Wajak District, Malang Regency

Abstract

Feed management is a key factor in the success of laying hen farming operations, as feed accounts for approximately 60–70% of total operating costs. The use of self-mixed feed has become a strategic alternative for farmers in Wajak District to reduce production costs. This study aimed to assess and analyze the efficiency of self-mixed feed utilization—from both technical and economic perspectives—in laying hen production in Wajak District, Malang Regency. The research was conducted from June 10 to August 15, 2026, using a quantitative descriptive survey method. Purposive sampling was employed to select 11 respondents based on the following criteria: a minimum flock size of 1,000 birds, the use of self-mixed feed, and the maintenance of active production records. Observed parameters included feed costs, egg production (Hen-Day Production/HDP), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC), and feed efficiency (%). The results showed that the price of self-mixed feed ranged from IDR 6,000 to IDR 6,500 per kg, with peak HDP reaching 90–95%. The average FCR was 2.15, the average feed efficiency per 1,000 birds was 44.91%, and all farmers achieved a positive IOFC. It is concluded that self-mixed feed is technically and economically efficient in reducing operational costs without compromising egg productivity, provided that nutritional adequacy and mixture homogeneity are consistently maintained.

Keywords: Laying hens, Feed efficiency, FCR, IOFC, Self-mixed feed.